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Gene Technology Extras - Coggle Diagram
Gene Technology Extras
Nucleotide Sequences
Satellites
-
introns
non-coding DNA
contain variable nucleotide
sequences (similar in relatives,
distinct between non-relatives)
variable DNA = SATILLITE DNA
- contains short DNA sequences repeated many times
MINISATILLITE
- 20-59 base pairs
- repeated 50-100s times
MICROSATALLITE
- 2-5 base pairs
- repeated 5-15 times
-
- same satellite ‘repeat regions’
- occur at the same positions
- on both chromosomes of homologous pair
(no. times repeated may differ)
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-
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Gel Electrophoresis
-
what is it?
- small electric current
- flows in buffer solution
- through an agarose gel
- between a cathode (-ve) and anode (+ve)
- connected to a power-pack
how does it work?
- DNA samples placed at wells (located at cathode end)
- usually each well contains DNA treated w/ diff enzyme
- after time... DNA sections migrated across the agarose
- dye added to make fragments visible
results
- distance moved depends on size
- small DNA sections = move further
(agarose gel has tiny pores that allow small DNA sections easier than large ones)
Why DNA molecules move towards anode during gel electrophoresis?
- DNA molecules have small negative charge