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Sustainable Communities, The most recent geologic time period defined by…

- - - - :ballot_box_with_check: More than half of the world's population, an estimated 3.3 billion, will be living in urban areas.
        :ballot_box_with_check: In 1975, just over one-third of people do so. The proportions will have risen to almost two-thirds by 2025.
        :ballot_box_with_check: Developing countries - most rapid change - Urban populations are growing at 3.5% annually.
        :ballot_box_with_check: Developed countries - not so rapid - <1% annually.
        :ballot_box_with_check: Cities are getting bigger size - Tokyo 27m, Sao Paulo 16m, Bombay 15,
    - - :ballot_box_with_check: Cities have always been the driving forces in economic & social development
        :ballot_box_with_check: Urbanisation = associated with high income, improved health & hygiene, higher literacy, improved quality of life
        :ballot_box_with_check: Other benefits - access to information, diversity, creativity, innovations
    - - :green_cross: This places enormous strains on the institutional and natural resources that support them
        :green_cross: Environmental & social ills.
        :green_cross: Lack of access to cleaning water, urban air pollution, greenhouse gas emissions.
        :green_cross: Urban environmental problems have two broad classes::
        :red_cross::red_cross: Association with poverty
        :red_cross::red_cross: Assoaciation with economic growth or affluence
  - - - Why are Antropocene years still undetermined:
        :white_flag: Anthropocene is still ongoing
        :white_flag: Varying measures of “human impact” each have different time periods and is measured by different human and non-human events and variables
      - Industrial Revolution: Great Britain's transition to an economy focused on manufacturing between 1760 and the mid-1800s. Characterized by developments in mechanisation, transportation, communication, and technology.
        
        Increased amounts of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, population increasing rapidly, fossil fuels, factories/machinery developed and implemented on a large scale, clear impacts on the environment, social problems.
      - Great Acceleration: Began occurring during the second half of the 20th century. After WWII, the Great Acceleration is the concept of accelerating change.
        
        Characterized by rapidly increasing amounts of atmospheric CO2, industrialisation, greenhouse gases, and large-scale agriculture. Very clear impacts on the environment, start to see species go extinct, deforestation, ocean acidification, coral reefs dying, population growth, advances in medicine and technology, GMOs, agricultural expansion, fast food, social problems.
      - Advent of Agriculture: Humans are no longer nomadic, so lands are not getting the same recovery time. Civilisations start to develop, food storage developed, first time that what we think of as “society” is starting to develop.
        
        Deforestation:
        The clearing of trees, transformation of forests into cleared lands.