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AP Art History Timeline Project, Terracotta Warriors, Funeral Banner of…

- - - - Temple of Minerva
        
        Tomb of the Triclinium
        
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        480-470 BCE
        Tomb of the Triclinium
        Culture: Etruscan
        Medium: Tufa and fresco
        Location: Tarquinia, Italy
        Style: Etruscan
        Funerary, afterlife, architecture, status. This work is connected to the Funeral Banner of Lady Dai as they both exist as funerary objects that display status. The Tomb of the Triclinium is an example of a tomb that would be commissioned before ones death. A tomb like this is highly decorated with detailed frescos depicting an event that displays status, in this case a banquet as people recline at a triclinium. It would’ve been costly and all payments would’ve been made preceding the patrons death. The Funeral Banner of Lady Dai operates very similarly. Lady Dai was a member of the elite in the Chinese Han dynasty. This banner and all of her tomb was commissioned before her death. It’s all very high quality and considerably expensive, as most of her body was still intact when the tomb was found nearly 1800 years following her death. Both of these are works that function to commemorate ones life, but also to display social status and their place in the socioeconomic hierarchies of their respective societies.
        This work is formally similar to the Minoan Bull-leaping Fresco from Knossos, made between 1450-1400 BCE. Both works are frescoes, use warm and vivid colors, and feature registers. These are both frescoes, meaning that they were painted on to plaster that hadn’t fully dried yet. In a sense, the wall and painting are one in the same. Secondly, the both works use warm and vivid colors. This makes for a welcoming and bright scene. Lastly, the use of registers along the frescos separate one scene from another, allowing there to be multiple items depicted within a tight space.
        
        510-500 BCE
        Temple of Minerva
        Artist: Master Sculptor Vulca
        Medium: Wood, mudbrick, tufa
        Location: Veii, near Rome, Italy
        Size: 50'x70'
        Style: Etruscan
        Funerary, afterlife, architecture, status. This work is connected to the Funeral Banner of Lady Dai as they both exist as funerary objects that display status. The Tomb of the Triclinium is an example of a tomb that would be commissioned before ones death. A tomb like this is highly decorated with detailed frescos depicting an event that displays status, in this case a banquet as people recline at a triclinium. It would’ve been costly and all payments would’ve been made preceding the patrons death. The Funeral Banner of Lady Dai operates very similarly. Lady Dai was a member of the elite in the Chinese Han dynasty. This banner and all of her tomb was commissioned before her death. It’s all very high quality and considerably expensive, as most of her body was still intact when the tomb was found nearly 1800 years following her death. Both of these are works that function to commemorate ones life, but also to display social status and their place in the socioeconomic hierarchies of their respective societies.
        This work is formally similar to the Minoan Bull-leaping Fresco from Knossos, made between 1450-1400 BCE. Both works are frescoes, use warm and vivid colors, and feature registers. These are both frescoes, meaning that they were painted on to plaster that hadn’t fully dried yet. In a sense, the wall and painting are one in the same. Secondly, the both works use warm and vivid colors. This makes for a welcoming and bright scene. Lastly, the use of registers along the frescos separate one scene from another, allowing there to be multiple items depicted within a tight space.
      - 520 BCE
        Sarcophagus of the Spouses
        Culture: Etruscan
        Medium: Terra-cotta
        Size: 6'7" long
        Style: Etruscan
        Male/female relationships, funerary, status. This work is connected to Yaxchila (Lintel 25 at structure 23) in how they portray the relationship between men and women. Despite The man and woman being on similar equal footing in the Seated Sarcophagus, due to women having a higher social standing in Etruscan culture than most other cultures at this time, and Lintel 25 having a clear hierarchy of scale between the man and the woman, both works depict scenes of intimacy. In the Sarcophagus of the Spouses, the man and woman can be seen in bed together relaxing in an intimate space and in Lintel 25 one can see the bloodletting process occurring between Shield Jaguar and Lady Xoc. Both works depict the more intimate and private side of the relationship between man and woman and are connected through that.
        Sarcophagus of the Spouses is formally similar to Staff: Seated Male Figure because both works are sculptures in the round, use relief carving for detail, and use abstracted and disproportionate bodies. Since both works can be viewed from every angle, they are both sculptures in the round. Furthermore, both works feature relief carving to emphasize details. Relief work can be seen in the eyes of the figures in the Sarcophagus of the Spouses, as material was taken away to display the shape of them, and in the ribs of the Staff: Seated Male Figure. Lastly, both works feature unusual proportions. Both works feature elongated torsos and unusually shaped legs
        
        520 CE
        Audience Hall of Darius and Xerxes
        Artist: Darious I and Xerxes I
        Culture: Persian
        Medium: limestone
        Location: Persepolis, Iran
        Size: 65' tall
        Style: Mesopotamian (Persian)
        Themes: rulers, power, cross-cultural, protections, domestic, architecture, community
        The Audience Hall of Darius and Xerxes shares themes of rulers and power with the Santa Sabina.
        The relief carving that decorates the sides of the hall is common of Achaemenid Persian Empire. The Relief: Two Servants Bearing Food and Drink shows similar stylized figures in side profile. The small carving ties back to the larger piece of architecture.