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FSC239 Malak Al-Askari, Death Investigations, Helps, Players Include,…
FSC239 Malak Al-Askari
Death Investigations
Forensic Scientists
Forensic Anthropologists
Scientists that deal with human remains identification & relevant skeletal trauma
Analyzing Skeletal/ decomposed/ unidentified remains in legal context
Locating and recovering skeletal remains
Documenting Trauma to the skeleton
Biological Profile
Sex
Age
Ancestry
Stature
Medical conditions
Human Identification
Skeletal Inventory
Putting together a puzzle of skeletons
Is it complete? Are there duplicates?
Trauma/ Cause of Death
Mainly injuries that occurred near time of death
Blunt Force Trauma
Contusion
Area of hemorrhage
Rupture of blood vessels
Laceration
A tear in tissue
Abraision
Removal of the superficial layer of the skin
Fracture
A break in the bone
Sharp Force Trauma
Chop Wounds
A heavy instrument with a cutting edge
Therapeutic/ Diagnostic Wounds
Treatment by a medical personnel
Incised Wounds
Length of wound exceeds its depth
Stab Wounds
Depth of wound exceeds its length
Projectile Trauma
Environment
frostbite/hypothermia/Heat stroke/ Fire/ Electricity
Cerebral Asphyxia
Mechanical Asphyxia
Plastic Bag Asphyxia
Chemical Asphyxia
External Next Compression
Drowning
Defense Wounds
Firearm Injuries
type of Firearm
Handgun
Rifle
Shotgun
Machine gun
Sub-machine gun
Range of fire
Close
Contact
Intermediate
Distant
Entrance or Exit Wound ?
Estimating the Biological Profile
Initial Laboratory Analysis
Minimum number of individuals
Determination of Medico-legal Significance
Human or not human? Is it Bone? Are they modern?
Scene documentation & Taphonomic Interpretation
Map scenes/ Interpret distribution of remains/ Estimate PMI
Identification of Descriptive Features
Personal Identification
Comparison of antemortem records to postmoertem
Search/ Locate/ Recovery of bodies
Analysis of Skeletal and Cartilaginous Trauma
Timing of trauma and type of trauma
Forensic Entimologists
Scientists that apply knowledge of insects/arthropods as evidence in legal proceedings
Determine Body location/Relocation
Identify traumatic Injuries on a body
Estimate Post-mortem Interval (PMI)
Stages of Decomposition
Fresh Stage
No obvious odour
Active Decay Stage (Escape of gasses causing deflation)
Strongest odour
Bloated Stage (Accumulation of gasses)
Obvious odour
Advanced Decay Stage
Less obtrousive Odour
Dry Stage
Slight odour
Skeletonisation Stage
No odour
Minimum PMI
(Early) Insect Development
Oldest immature insects on/around the body
Calculate accumulated degree days/hours
Once the first colonisers have reached the adult stage
(Late) Insect Succession
Assemblage of all insects
Time of colonization
Temperature
Insects develop faster at warmer temperatures
Environment
Determine possible abuse/ neglect
Investigate toxicological evidence
Blowflies
Flies
Beetles
Infer the method of body disposal
Infer manner of death
Different Life cycles of insects
Storage and Transport of Insects
Effects of Temperature and Environment
Collection Methods of Insects
Behavior and Habitat of Insects
Forensic Genetics
Scientists that study the human DNA and genome in legal fields
Identify Human remains and bodies
Forensic Odontologist
Scientists that use dental knowledge as evidence in legal proceedings
Comparison of dental fillings
Comparison of distinctive structures of the jaw
Comparison of teeth roots & nearby sinuses
Forensic Toxicologist
Scientists who perform toxicology tests for traces of drugs/alcohol
Blood
Urine
Viterous
Bile
Gastric
Tissue
5) Verification/ Documentation
Notes at scene
Measurments
Photographs
Chain of Evidence
Property and Evidence Reciepts
Narratives
Police Services & Other Organizations
Office of the Fire Marshal
Rail Investigators
Transportation Safety Board
3) Scene Analysis
Area around the body
Items missing/ Misplaced
Drug paraphernalia
Alcohol/ Medication
Temperature
Body Itself
Time Frame of Death
Algor Mortis
Livor Mortis
Rigor Mortis
Injuries
Body Fluids
Clothes/ Jewelry/ Belongings
Injury Interpretation
Force = Mass x Acceleration
with objects of different masses
Consultants
Physicians
Coroners
Medical Doctors with specialized death investigation training
Investigate Sudden Deaths
Coroners Act
Taking possession of the body in order to investigate it
Answering Questions Regarding the Death
When? (date and Time)
Where? (Location)
How? (Medical Cause of Death)
Who? (Identification of the Deceased)
By what means? ( Manner of Death)
Suicide
Accident
Undetermined
Insufficient Evidence
Equal Evidence for 2 Classifications
Natural
Standard of Proof
Balance of probabilities
1 more item...
Homocide
Mechanism of Death?
Determining if an Inquest is necessary
A Public Hearing/Forum
Addressing matters of public health and safety
a 5-person jury
making recommendations to prevent similar deaths from occuring
Mandatory By Law
at the Discretion of the Coroner
Collecting and analyzing Forensic Evidence
Prevent further deaths in similar circumstances
Toxicology Test
Radiology
Autopsy
CT Scan
Deaths mentioned in Section 10 of the Coroners Act
Non-Warrant Authority
Enter & Inspect & Extract Information
Prescriptions
Cell phones
Suicide Notes
Personal belongings at scene
Sieze
Exhume
Warrant Authority
Carry out burial
Possession/Examination of body
Forensic Pathologists
Medical Doctors who perform forensic legal autopsies
Determine Cause of Death
Diseases and injuries that resulted in sudden death
Medico-Legal Post-Mortem Examination
Photographs of injuries with scales
Retaining Tissues for Further laboratory Testing
Auxiliary Tests
Blood
Urine
Liver
Vitreous Humor
Stomach contents
Documentation
Surgical procedure
Examination of the body after death
External Examination (Visual)
Body of the Deceased
Sex
Height
Hair Color
Approximate Age
Physical condition
Weight
Puncture & Track Marks
Wounds
Identifiers (tattoos & Scars)
Markings on Clothes of the Deceased
Firearm Discharge Residue
Burnt gunpowder residue
Soot
Partially Burnt gunpowder residue
Vaporized Lead
Dirt
Forensic Chemists
3 more items...
X-ray of the Body of the Deceased
Path of Projectile
Fragments remaining inside the body
Internal Examination
Dissection and removal Internal Organs
Examinations of organs
Microscopic examinations
Understanding the History, Scene & Circumstances
Ancillary Studies
Clinicopathologic Diagnosis
Confirm Manner of Death
Determine Postmortem Time Interval
Assist in Identification
Presumptive Identification(Non-Scientific)
Physical Attributes
Distinctive marks
Visual
Circumstantial Evidence
Definitive Identification(Scientific)
Radiology Comparison
Forensic Radiology/ Anthropology/Nursing/Ballistics
Distinctive markings or characteristics
Teeth Comparison
DNA Comparison
Fingerprint Comparison (ridge patterns)
Medical Hardware/ Implanted Device
Unique Serial Numbers
Provide Expert Testimony
summoned to court
Document Injuries and Doseases
Assist in collecting Trace Evidence
6) Reporting
Interacting with family of the deceased
Death Notification
Findings of the investigation
4) Post Scene Analysis
2) Preparation
1) Notification
All Deaths MAY be investigated
All none natural/ specified natural cases MUST be investegated
Police if criminally suspicious
Mostly by Coroners
Joint investigation in special circumstances
Media
Attorneys
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Student #: 1007533518