Ch5.CT-Chargeable gains资本利得税

computation pro forma

Indexation allowance通货膨胀抵消额

Rollover relief滚转冲抵

※Disposal of shares and securities

资本利得定义:公司卖掉capital assets获得的利润

公式1:Disposal proceeds - incidental cost of disposal (professional service, advertising..) = Net proceeds;


net preceeds - allowable expenditure(Original cost + Incidental cost on acquisition + improvement expenditure) = Unindexed gain未对通胀调整的资本利得

公式2

若公式1计算后unindexed gain已经<0,则不计算公式2,直接作为最后的chargeable

继续计算:unindexed gain - indexation allowance(to earlier of disposal date or 31.12.2017) = Indexed gain


indexed gain - rollover relief - current period capital loss当期亏损 - capital loss b/f过去亏损 = Chargeable gains

若最后chargeable<0, 则直接记作0

indexation allowance = (Original cost + Incidental cost on acquisition + improvement expenditure)*IA系数(会给

若assets在2017 Dec前购买,则计算购买日到2017 Dec产生的通货膨胀
若在2018 Jan开始及以后购买,则不计算通货膨胀

indexation allowance不能用来制造capital loss,只能用来减少chargeable gains

出售股票规则:一个公司买了另一家公司同一支股票不止一次,出售时股价要按照顺序算

Valuation of quoted shares = mid-price based on the day’s quoted price

2.出售日9天前的股价(FIFO)

3.share pool股票池中的股价(考虑通胀)

1.同一天才购买过这支股票,则按当天股价

股票池是什么:集合了同家公司同支股票,要计算index,在涉及现金的股票交易(operative events)前先需*更新池中的indexed cost

Bonus issues, rights issues and takeovers

Rights issues配股(低价售出):涉及operative,要先更新indexed cost再加进pool

Takeovers/Reorganization

Bonus issues送股(免费): 不涉及operative event,只需要在pool中增加股数

takeover:原公司被收购,需要换股(换成新公司的股票)
reorganization:把本公司的旧股票换成本公司的新股票

都不是operative,不需要更新;新股票cost=旧股票cost

若shareholder收到一支以上股票,按新股票市价(即拿到新股的第一天的市场价值)的比例分配原cost

qualifying assets:Land and buildings (e.g. factory)、Fixed plant and machinery (not movable)
且买完立刻用于生产经营

时限

概念

过程:卖掉旧资产 → 全部投资新替代资产 → 没钱交旧资产的资本利得税 → 把它推迟到未来再交

原理:减少旧资产的资本利得,因此新资产未来的资本利得增加,从而补税

是唯一一种针对chargeable gains的relief

这种滚转可以不断重复,直到卖掉最终的资产且没有再投资

qualifying assets仅限于用于经营活动的资产

特殊情况

2.Non-business use of old asset:rollover只包含完全用于business的那部分

3.Reinvestment in depreciating assets

1.没有将proceeds完全reinvest:则剩下的部分计算资本利得税,reinvest的继续rollover

新资产寿命必须>60 year(非折旧型),才能获得rollever relief

考试中注意fixed plant and machinery and short leaseholds(lease<50 yrs)

Capital gain is not chargeable until the earliest of

Disposal of the new asset

The new asset不再用于business

new asset买后10年

卖掉旧资产的前1年和后3年(共4年)的期间内要购买新资产

申请relief要在the later of: 卖旧资产和买新资产所在的accounting period 结束的4年内