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Ch5.CT-Chargeable gains资本利得税 - Coggle Diagram
Ch5.CT-Chargeable gains资本利得税
computation pro forma
资本利得定义:公司卖掉capital assets获得的
利润
公式1:Disposal proceeds - incidental cost of disposal (professional service, advertising..) = Net proceeds;
net preceeds - allowable expenditure(Original cost + Incidental cost on acquisition + improvement expenditure) = Unindexed gain未对通胀调整的资本利得
公式2
若公式1计算后unindexed gain已经<0,则不计算公式2,直接作为最后的chargeable
继续计算:unindexed gain - indexation allowance(to
earlier of disposal date or 31.12.2017
) = Indexed gain
indexed gain - rollover relief - current period capital loss当期亏损 - capital loss b/f过去亏损 = Chargeable gains
若最后chargeable<0, 则直接记作0
Indexation allowance通货膨胀抵消额
indexation allowance = (Original cost + Incidental cost on acquisition + improvement expenditure)*IA系数(会给
若assets在2017 Dec前购买,则计算购买日到2017 Dec产生的通货膨胀
若在2018 Jan开始及以后购买,则不计算通货膨胀
indexation allowance不能用来制造capital loss,只能用来减少chargeable gains
Rollover relief滚转冲抵
qualifying assets:Land and buildings (e.g. factory)、Fixed plant and machinery (not movable)
且买完立刻用于生产经营
时限
卖掉旧资产的前1年和后3年(共4年)的期间内要购买新资产
申请relief要在the later of: 卖旧资产和买新资产所在的accounting period 结束的4年内
概念
过程:卖掉旧资产 → 全部投资新替代资产 → 没钱交旧资产的资本利得税 → 把它推迟到未来再交
原理:减少旧资产的资本利得,因此新资产未来的资本利得增加,从而补税
是唯一一种针对chargeable gains的relief
这种滚转可以不断重复,直到卖掉最终的资产且没有再投资
qualifying assets仅限于用于经营活动的资产
特殊情况
2.Non-business use of old asset:rollover只包含完全用于business的那部分
3.Reinvestment in depreciating assets
新资产寿命必须>60 year(非折旧型),才能获得rollever relief
考试中注意
fixed plant and machinery and short leaseholds(lease<50 yrs)
Capital gain is
not chargeable until
the earliest of
Disposal of the new asset
The new asset不再用于business
new asset买后10年
1.没有将proceeds完全reinvest:则剩下的部分计算资本利得税,reinvest的继续rollover
※Disposal of shares and securities
出售股票规则:一个公司买了另一家公司
同一支股票
不止一次,出售时股价要按照顺序算
2.出售日9天前的股价(FIFO)
3.share pool股票池中的股价(考虑通胀)
1.同一天才购买过这支股票,则按当天股价
股票池是什么:集合了同家公司同支股票,要计算index,在涉及现金的股票交易(
operative events
)前先需
*更新池中的indexed cost
Valuation of quoted shares =
mid-price
based on the day’s quoted price
Bonus issues, rights issues and takeovers
Rights issues配股(低价售出):涉及operative,要先更新indexed cost再加进pool
Takeovers/Reorganization
takeover:原公司被收购,需要换股(换成新公司的股票)
reorganization:把本公司的旧股票换成本公司的新股票
都不是operative,不需要更新;新股票cost=旧股票cost
若shareholder收到一支以上股票,按新股票市价(即拿到新股的第一天的市场价值)的比例分配原cost
Bonus issues送股(免费): 不涉及operative event,只需要在pool中增加股数