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ADVERDS - Coggle Diagram
ADVERDS
Definition
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Honestly, I don’t see any point in doing that.
a word that describes or adds to the meaning of a verb, an adjective, another adverb, or a sentence
answers such questions as how, where, or when
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Adverbial: any word, phrase, or clause that functions like an adverb.
➔ adverb = one-word adverbial
may be classified as adjuncts, conjuncts, or disjuncts
Adjuncts: part of the basic structure of a clause or sentence in which it occurs, and modifies the verb
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Disjuncts: (also called sentence adverbs) adverbs which show the speaker’s attitude to or evaluation of what is said in the rest of the sentence
Naturally, I paid for my own meal.
I had to pay for my own meal, unfortunately.
Particle: a term used for a word which cannot readily be identified with any of the main PARTS OF SPEECH/ WORD CLASS
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Adverb particle: a word such as in, back, on, etc. when it modifies a verb rather than a noun
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Form and Formation
Adverbs frequently end in –ly: slowly, quickly, etc.
Not all words end in –ly are adverbs: friendly,
lovely, etc.
Some adverbs do not have an –ly ending: always,
well, etc.
Some adverbs can have two forms.
He has come late. vs. He has come lately.
She talked very loud. vs. She talked very loudly.
Simple adverbs: just, only, well, back, down, pretty, etc.
Compound adverbs: somehow, somewhere, therefore, whereupon, hereby, etc.
Derivation aladverbs
-ly: oddly, interestingly
-wise: clockwise
-ward(s): northward(s)
-fashion: schoolboy-fashion
-ways: sideways
-style: cowboy-style
Types
Adverbs of Frequency
Adverbs telling how often something happens
Adverbs of definite frequency: at the end or beginning of a sentence
I pay my rent weekly.
Adverbs of indefinite frequency: before the main (ordinary) verb, after the verb “be”, between the auxiliary and the main verb
We usually go shopping on Sundays.
He is always late.
He is always coming late.
Sometimes he became very sad.
Focus Adverbs
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They limit the sense of the sentence or to act as an additive
He said he wanted to do only what was the best for the country.
He even paid for their so-called business trip.
Adverbs of time
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Adverbs of definite time: at the end or beginning of a sentence
I went shopping yesterday./ Yesterday I went shopping.
Adverbs of indefinite time: at the end or beginning of a sentence, or before the verb
She currently works as a journalist./ Currently she works as a journalist./ She works as a journalist currently.
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Adverbs of place
- Adverbs indicating location (where), direction (where to/ from).
She still lives there now.
- Manner + place + time
They talked happily in the bedroom all night.
- At the beginning of a sentence
Indoors it was nice and warm.
Up ran the snail.
Adverbs of degree
Adverbs answering the question “To what extent...?”
Before the adjective or adverb they modify
He drove very fast.
He looks much different from his father.
Adverbs of manner
saying how something happens
Usually placed after the main verb, after the object (if there is one), or between the subject and the verb
He drove fast.
He washed his hands carefully.She angrily slammed the door.
He generously paid for us. = It was generous of him to have paid for us.
He paid for us generously. = He paid for us in a generous manner.
Sentence Adverbs
Adverbs modifying the whole sentence
Usually at the beginning of the sentence
Unfortunately, Richard didn’t get to the airport on time.
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