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Organizational Study - Coggle Diagram

- - - - The best way to establish a price for the export product is to start with the “ex-works” price, add a profit percentage and offer it FOB to an importer abroad.
        This may be the easiest method, but far from being the best, as it could be that its price in the target market is very low, allowing the importer exaggerated profits without any participation for the exporter, or it could be the case that the price be very high, which prevents you from gaining a share in the market, since there are no people who want to buy the product.
        
        Exporters from countries like ours usually follow the established prices and do not impose prices on the market. Rarely will the products be so differentiated (unique) that it can dictate the price in the target market.
        
        Export Sector
        Panama has always distinguished itself as a predominantly service economy, which is reflected in its gross domestic product, in which this sector is responsible for 85%.
        The export sector has experienced growth in the last 10 years, largely due to internal modifications and the adaptation of the Panamanian exportable offer to the requirements of international markets. Our goal is to reach $1 billion in exports of goods by the year 2002.
        
        The strategy for the promotion of exports of Panamanian products to international markets includes a transformation of the local exportable offer, through a process of readjustment of the same, so that it meets the quality requirements demanded by the markets.
        In addition, we place special emphasis on the promotion of non-traditional products such as: melons, watermelon, pineapples and some tubers that are produced in Panama with excellent quality conditions and at competitive prices.
- - - - FUNDAMENTAL TRAINING AREAS. TYPOLOGY.
        
        Training, in general, can be aimed at covering 3 individual areas: skills or aptitudes (is he capable of doing it?), knowledge (does he know how to do it?) and attitudes (does he want to do it?)
        Types of training: there is no unanimity of criteria, there are many.
        
        THE TRAINING PLAN. TRAINING TECHNIQUES
        
        INVESTMENT IN HUMAN CAPITAL TRAINING VERSUS SPECIFIC
        
        NEW TOPICS OF KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT. OTHERS.
- - - - Informal organization.
        It is any joint personal activity without a conscious collective purpose, even though it might contribute to group results. According to this definition, every group falls within the sphere of informal organization, including passengers on an airplane and people walking down the street.
        Disadvantages of informal groups.
        Informal organizations also present the potential drawbacks that follow problems that require astute and careful managerial attention.
        
        Centralization.
        Centralization tends to concentrate decision making at the top of the organization. The authority is as soon as it is not delegated.
        Absolute centralization in an individual is conceivable, but it implies the absence of subordinate administrators and therefore the lack of a structured organization, for this reason it can be said that all organizations present some degree of decentralization.
        
        Types of centralization.
        
        Centralization of performance: refers to geographic concentration; It is characteristic, for example, of a company that operates in a single location.
        
        Departmental centralization: refers to the concentration of specialized activities, generally in one department. For example, the maintenance of an entire plant which can be carried out by a single department.
        
        Centralization as an aspect of administration: it is the tendency that tends to restrict the delegation of decision-making. In the organizational hierarchy, managers maintain a high degree of authority at or near the highest level.
        
        Decentralization.
        Organizational authority is the power vested in people that allows them to use their judgment in decision making. Decentralization is a fundamental aspect of delegation; therefore it is the tendency to disperse decision-making authority in an organized structure.
- - - - A consequence of the enforceability of administrative acts is the solve et repete rule, which consists of ensuring the fiscal interest so that the legal action can be initiated.