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The Process of Conducting Research Using Quantitative and Qualitative…
The Process of Conducting Research Using Quantitative and Qualitative Approaches
What is research?
Research is a process in which you engage in a small set of logical steps.
At a general level, research consists of three steps:
Pose a question
Collect data to answer the question
Present an answer to the question
Adding to knowledge means that educators undertake research to contribute to existing information about issues.
Through research, we develop results that help answer questions, and as we accumulate these results, we gain a deeper understanding of the problems.
Research Improves Practice
Research is also important because it suggests improvements for practice.
This effectiveness translates into better learning for kids. For instance, through research, personnel involved in teacher education programs in schools of education know much more about training teachers today than they did 20 years ago.
Researchers need to spend time living in teacher education programs to understand them.
THE SIX STEPS IN THE PROCESS OF RESEARCH
When researchers conduct a study, they proceed through a distinct set of steps.
Years ago, these steps were identified as the "scientific method" of inquiry (Kerlinger, 1972; Leedy & Ormrod, 2010).
The process of research consists of six steps:
Identifying a research problem
Reviewing the literature
Specifying a purpose for research
Collecting data
Analyzing and interpreting the data
Reporting and evaluating research
Research Questions
Quantitative
Research
Research
Designs
Describing a research problem through a description of trends or a need for an explanation of the relationship among variables.
Collecting numeric data from a large number of people using instruments with preset
questions and responses
Writing the research report using standard, fixed structures and evaluation criteria
and taking an objective, unbiased approach.
Qualitative
Research
Exploring a problem and developing a detailed understanding of a central
phenomenon
Stating the purpose and research questions in an open-ended way to capture the
participants' experiences
Analyzing the data for description and themes using text analysis and interpreting the
larger meaning of the findings
Similarities and Differences between Quantitative and Qualitative Research
In terms of similarity, both forms of research follow the six steps in the process of research.
There are minor differences as well in the introduction to a
study-the research problem section-in that both sections need to establish the importance of the problem.
Both quantitative and
qualitative data collection may employ similar approaches, such as interviews or observations.
Research Designs Associated with Quantitative
and Qualitative Research
Research designs are the specific procedures involved in the research process: data collection, data analysis, and report writing.
Some quantitative researchers seek to test whether an educational practice or idea makes a difference for individuals.
Are procedures in quantitative research in which the investigator determines whether an
activity or materials make a difference in results for participants.
IMPORTANT ETHICAL ISSUES IN CONDUCTING RESEARCH
The three basic principles of this Report involve the beneficence of treatment of participants
(maximizing good outcomes and minimizing risk), respect for participants (protecting autonomy and ensuring well informed, voluntary participation), and justice (a fair distribution of risk and benefits).
You need to show respect to audiences who read and use information from studies.