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Session 21 New Perspectives 1 Domesticity - Coggle Diagram
Session 21 New Perspectives 1 Domesticity
Art nouveau
Inspirations
Industrial Revolution: Machine, pollution, industrialisation
Arts + Crafts: Craftsmanship, Unity of the Art, Joy of labour
Ashbee wanted to apply Arts and Crafts theories to industrial design
To design and produce objects using available technology, and the latest machinery and modern industry
Transforming the craftsman into the industrial designer, his hands being the machine
Japan: Exotic, Color, The beauty of the line
In 1854, American Commodore Matthew Perry forced Japan to recommence international trade after over two centuries of virtual isolation
Japanese objects that soon flooded the art market excited Westerners because of their sheer novelty.
Characteristics
Change of taste: from public industrial technology to private organicism
Disruption of the hierarchy of craft and its reunitionwith art
Emphasis on the interior, the domestic setting
Use of flat, decorative patterns that intertwined organic forms
Emphasis on handcrafting
Use of new materials
Rejection of earlier styles
Origins
Popularised by the famous Maisonde l'Art Nouveau (House of New Art) agallery opened on 26 December 1895,by Siegfried Bing.
Represents the beginning of modernism in design
Mass-produced consumer goods began to fill the market place
Designers, architects, and artists began to understand that the handcrafted work of centuries past could be lost
Designers rejected traditional styles in favour of new, organic forms emphasizing connection to nature
Graphic Arts
Art nouveau visible in advertising posters that decorated Paris.
The posters stylised the female body and used sinuous whiplash lines, decorative plant forms, and flattened abstract shapes to create vivid decorative images.
Design majors
Product Design
Specialisation went against theprinciples
Wanted to make handmade items of beauty that relied only on their design and not the intrinsic value of their parts for their esteem
Each piece was to be made by one person from beginning to end
Hand-painted enamel as a decorativeelement was essential for separatingthe handmade from machine-made
Spacial Design
Architects and designers embraced modern building materials, notably cast iron: stronger and more flexible than traditional wood or stone, allowing thinner supports
Iron support structuresmade curved facades with largewindows possible, which becameprominent elements in many buildings.
Guimard used cast iron and inventedstylised motifs based on plant forms
Industrially fabricated in modular units,the cast iron was relatively cheap, but itwas painted green to resemble oxidised copper which adds a sense of luxury
Holitstic approach
Van de Velde designed buildings, interiors, furniture, and decorative objects as well as posters.
In a poster for the nutritional supplement Tropon, he explored the decorative and suggestive potential of non-representational forms, creating an abstract design of organic shapes that suggest both plant-like growth and dancing figures
Connections
Van de Velde
connects with art nouveau because he was inspired by it when creating his school of arts and crafts. He included arts, crafts and design for the improvement of society.
Product and spacial
design connects with Art nouveau as their designs and ideas fit with art nouveau
Art nouveau connects with the
industrial revolution
since during the revolution they created designs relating to art nouveau using machines.
Arts and Crafts movement
connects with art nouveau because in the art noveau, they emphasized handcrafting where jewelries were handmade and hand painted.