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HIV drugs - Coggle Diagram
HIV drugs
protease inhibitors
side effects
hyperglycemia
bleeding
fat redistribution
if used with simavastine and lovastine will cause rhabdomyolysis
all of them metabolized by P450
admisntered with pharmokinetic booster or with retionavir or cobicistat
lopinavir/retinavir
kaletra
retonavir inhibit 3A4 to have more lopionaivr
block the protease
orally and better with food
in blood 99% in bound to plasma proteins
cardiac effects
inhibits and induce P450
disulifiram
indinavir
for HIV
combined with 2NRTI
nephroliathesis
atzanavir
agens that reduce acidity can reduce this drug concentration
nephrolithiasis
darunavir
2nd generation
if all PI have resistance this will work
adverse effects
it has sulfonamide group
no glucose dsyregulation
NRTI
abacavir
analog of guanine
for HIV1
cause hypersensitivity reactions
must convert to its active form(triphosphate form)
lamivudine
analog of cytidine
for HIV1 and Hep B
F=86%
food reduce the abosrption
the best tolerated
side effects
insomia
headache
zidovudine
analog of thymidine
competes with nucleoside on the active site of RT enzyme
for HIV1
penetrates CNS
prevent the mother to infant transmittion
adverse effects
severe anemia
neutropenia
GI,CNS and myopathy
lactic acidosis
tenofovir disoproxil fumerate(TDF)
analog of adenine
nuclotide
for HIV1 and HepB
termination and inhibition of enzyme
integrase
raltegravir
prevents insertion of HIV DNA into the host DNA
metabolized by UGT
cause insomnia and headache and rarely hypersenstivity
dolutegravir
first line
NNRTI
efavirenz
binds to the RT and inhibits it
used in combination with zidovudine and lamivudiene
given orally and on empty stomach
cross the BBB
metabolized by P450
long half life 40-55 hours
adverse effects
teratogencity
liver damage
rash
CNS symptoms
drug interactions
with drugs which are metabolized by P450
CCR5 antagonist
maraviroc
combined use for 16 years and older
half life is 14-18 hours given twice daily
metabolized by CYP450
hepatotoxicity
fusion inhibitors
enfuviritide
binds to the gp41 and inhibit the fusion
given subcoutaneously
adverse effects
hypersensitivty
pnemonia
injection site reaction