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The US midterm elections - Coggle Diagram

- - - - the house decides which laws are voted on
      - the Senate can block of approve them / confirm appointements made by the president / conduct any investigations against him
    - - all the seats in the house of Representatives
      - one-third in the Senate
    - - in 27 states they elected the secretary of state
      - in 36 of the 50 states - elections for the governor
      - 133 local referendums
      - in san fransisco they had a ballot paper with 55 boxes to tick
        
        34 boxes for candidate
        
        21 for referendums
    - - In 2002 during W.Bush's first term in office, Republicans gained seats in the House. Since WW II, the party in power has gained House seats in just one other midterm : 1998
- - - - trump supporters less confident in the process
    - - trump "ofc there is a large scale voter fraud happening on and before election day"
      - republicans says - easyer to vote = less secure
      - democrats are more loikely to use postal voting
  - - - death threats
      - call for prosecution
      - 1 in 6 local elections officials have personally experienced threats; more than half of them have been threatened in person
        
        many resigned, replaced by inexperienced staff (some incoming officials might believe that widespread fraud occured in 2020)
  - - - Weapon
      - camouflage
    - - politicians : Arizona state senator Kelly Townsend encouraged 'vigilantes' to stake out drop boxes
    - - anti-establishment movement
      - small but highly visible, and speaks regularly at country board meetings
      - social media platforms like truth social and telegram
      - true the vote, the organisation behind 2000 mules (documentaire complotiste)
- - - - spoke indirectly about voting rights in federal elections "the Electors [voters] in each state shall have the Qualifications requisite for electors [voters] of the most numerous Branch of the State Legislature
      - not until later did the Constitution refer directly to voting rights "the right of citizens of the united states to vots shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any state on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude" (15th Amendment, 1870) + "the right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by rhe United States or by any state on account of sex" 19th Amendment 1920
  - - - (Harper v. Virginia Board of Elections, 1966) before striking down the poll tax, doing so only after the 24th Amendment (ratified in 1964) barred its use in federal elections
      - (Katzenbach v. Morgan, 1966) before striking down the literacy test, doing so only after the 1965 Voting Rights Act outlawed it
  - - - it had used a "test or device" (such as literacy test) as a condition for voter elegibility
      - Its voting rate was less than 50% of elegible voters
    - - Republicans in shelby county (alabama) filed suit sying this law unconstit.
        
        effects of the Shelby ruling
        
        Within a year of Shelby, every state previously subject to the preclearance requirement (all of which had Republican-controlled legislatures) had changed its voter elegibility rules (for ex the new texas law required voter to show an "acceptable "form of photo ID, handgun licence is, student photo ID is not...)
        
        In 2014, supreme court upheld the texas law with the republican-appointed justices supporting the law and the Democratic-appointed justices dissenting
      - Supreme court in a 4-5 decision sided w/ Shelby county, invalidating as unconstitual section 4 saying : formula for determining which jurisdictions were subject to oversight was outdated. Decision made section 5 inapplicable
  - - - Bill clinton motor votor act - idea is that elegible voters can simultaneously register to vote when they apply for or when they renez their driver licence
      - many poor ppl would benefit from legislation (61% of democratic party)
    - - Several Republican-controlled states challenged the Act, claiming it violated their Article I and Tenth Amendment authority and imposed an unfunded mandate (they would now be required to staff and equip the new registration process)
      - Six federal district courts and two federal circuit courts rejected the lawsuits. The supreme Court declined to take the case, thus upholding the circuit court rulings
        
        the circuit court cited Article I, Section 4 of the Constitution, which grants Congress the power to determine "the times, places and manner" of electing federal officials
    - - turnout was 3-4% higher
      - no clear partisan advantage (altgough a somwhat larger number of new registrant were Democrats, that advantage was largely offset by a higher turnout rate amond the newly registered Republicans
  - - - Supreme court in 6-3 decision upheld Indiana's strict voter ID law, concluding that it was constitutional granted them in Article 1, Section 2 of the US Constitution
        
        all who decided were republican appointees...
      - The Court's majority acknowledged that partisan motivation played a part in law's enactment
  - - - trump drew 11 million more votes than he had in 2016
      - Biden drew 15 million more votes than Clinton did in 2016
      - biden's victory led rep to claim that he won as a result of illegal voting and rigged vote counting to mail-in and absentee voting
        
        republican response to 2020 loss
        
        in many Republican-controlled states, laws have been enacted that put limits on absentee and mail-in voting
        
        Lawsuits challenging some of these laws are in state and lower federal courts
        
        the us justice department
        
        has filed suit against georgia's law
        
        could challenge texas's law
    - - since 2016, 18 states, all but few controlled by the democrats, have instituted Automatic Voter Registration (AVR) in the context of the Motor Voter Act
        
        originally, registration was "opt-in" -when a state motor vehicle or social welfare office, individuals had to agree to be added to the voter registration rolls
        
        AVR is an "opt-out" system -individuals are automatically registered unless they refuse to be added to the rolls
        
        oregon was the first state to adopt AVR and its registration rate under Motor Voter Act tripled
        
        Vermont was second, and its rate doubled