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The causes of uneven development - Coggle Diagram
The causes of uneven development
Physical factors
Land locked and cannot benefit from trade by sea
Rely on neighbouring countries to import/export goods
16 out of the 54 African counties are landlocked for example Mali, central African republic and Zambia
Blighted by tropical diseases which affect peoples ability to work
Tropical Africa, south America and aisa have more climate related diseases that the cooler parts of the world
For example mosquitoes can spread malaria
Poor soils, arid conditions and climate
Crops cannot grow well without water at the right time of year
In Ethiopia, after the famines in the 70's and 80's water conservation techniques such as drip feeding made food supply more reliable.
Suffer from natural hazards such as earthquakes and does not have the money to repair all the damage caused
In 2010, Haiti was hit with a magnitude 7 earthquake which left 3 million people affected
Globally, extreme events are becoming more frequent and severe meaning tropical zone are worst hit causing destroyed crops, livestock and infrastructure
Economic factors
Global trade favours already developed countries
Efficient trade requires infrastructure and poorer countries lac this because it is expensive
Taniffs make trade more expensive
Countries buying goods may add taniff to make them more expensive
Production of primary products that don't make much money
Richer countries process these and add value and worth
If a county is in debt then they have to spend their money on interest payments rather than development
Country left in a 'debt trap'
Historical factors
Countries that were colonised by European countries in the 19th and early 20th centuries economies were solely developed to produce raw materials for manufacturing in European countries
Niger is a former french colony and in 2014 it was the least developed country in the world
The wealth derived from the raw materials went mainly to the colonial powers, so the colonies stayed poor
Some countries have a long history of conflict and wars mean no stability for the economic development, refugee crisis and governments spending what money they have on arms and soldiers
In 2013, an estimated 28.5 million primary school ages children living in conflict areas couldn't attend school
The disruption of education limits the opportunities of people long after the conflict has ended