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LAYOUT - Coggle Diagram
LAYOUT
PICTURES- Any visual representation of people/things . Differences among:
Image
object created/modified by a computer ready for a design
Photograph
type of picture taken by a camera
illustration
a drawing of an artist
clipart
a collection of pre-made images
infograph
visual presentation of information with little text
map
pictures of areas/visual representation of relationship between ideas/people/things
graph
mathematical relationships between data
diagram
plans showing relationships between parts
charter
graphical representation of data
table
figures sistematically displaced in columns
can be:
raster
composed by pixels to create an image
vector
composed of lines
COLOURS. Can be classified into:
Primary( yellow, red and blue)
secondary from the combination of primaries (green, orange and purple)
tertiary
from the combination of primary and secondary etc...
neutral( black white and grey)
the wheel is divided in :
warm colours (red, orange and yellow)
cold colours (bleu, green and purple)
adding black/white we can obtain
hue
refering to the dominant colour of the family
tint
with some white
shade
with some black
tone
with some grey
Are chosen to form Harmonies
Monocromatic
different shades of the same hue
Complementary
opposite colours of the wheel
Split complementary
a colour and the two next his complementary
Analoguos
a colour and his two colours beside
triadic/ square
three/four colours equally spaced on the wheel
Tetradic/Rectangle
two complementary colour pairs
LOGOS (Symbols that identify brands). They can be:
wordmark
only text
letter mark
with the initials of the company
brand mark
abstract graphics
Iconic/ Cmbined
text and Image
LABELS (Piece of material on the product which give information) they can be:
Brand
give information about the brand
Descriptive
specify product usage and care
Grade
describe the product implying a judgment in a graduated scale
Informative
information about the product
COMPOSITION. Organised according to principles:
Repetition
repeating certain elements that reinforce the design
contrast
emphatises key elements
Hierarchy
heps to navigate the layout , showing where to begin and where to go next
proximity
emphatises connections /lack of relationshi
Alignment
creates visual connections between elements
white space
helps to divide different sections better
Tips
rule of thirds
Golden section
TYPEFACES
Set of characters of the same design with variations.They can be:
Serif
with decorations at the top or at the bottom of the letter
Sans Serif
without any decoration
Script
like hand written style
Monospaced
with characters which occupy the same width
Display
for large sized headings
a great type: HELVETICA
preferred for neutral Display
created in 1957 for neutral font for various uses
common in webpages, signage and logos (Apple, Microsoft and American Airlines)