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Excretion PART 2 - Coggle Diagram
Excretion PART 2
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Osmo-regulation
Important cause imbalances in water potential of body fluids can cause cells to gain or loss water, hence can cause them to become plasmolyzed or cytolyzed
Hypothalamus trigger release ADH hormone via the master gland which tells kidneys how much water is needed to be Reabsorbed
If Body has Too much water ( Cold day) : The Hypothalamus detects too much water potential of blood , it will not trigger TOO MUCH release of ADH / Lower the release of ADH hence Urine produced is More and Diluted.
If low water potential in blood (HOT DAY): Then the release of ADH will be higher causing more water to be reabsorbed into the blood stream
FUNCTION OF KIDNEYS
1) ULTRAFILTRATION
Due to high pressures in the Glomerulus, the smaller dissolved molecules such as Glucose, urea, water, and Ions are leaked from the walls of capillaries into the renal capsule , hence filtering theses fluids from blood.
2) REABSORPTION
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Ions : Reabsorbed in the Loop of henle according to the blood concentration. This is via the process of diffusion
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3)FORMATION OF URINE
All the collecting ducts merge at part called PELVIS which connects with ureter. The fluid collected in collecting duct is known as urine.
Functions
Glomerulus: A cluster of thin capillaries surrounded by Bowman's capsule, which allows smaller substances to leak out of its wall while trapping larger contents of blood within it.
Nephron: A site of Ultrafiltration, urine formation and reabsorbing of essential nutrients while excreting toxic and excess of substances out.
Nephrons are specialized to have many mitochondria as for reabsorption of glucose which is essential as glucose is a very important molecules for producing energy
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Basal metabolism
The minimum amount of energy needed to keep the cells of an organism alive , via carrying out vital functions such as Heat pluming, breathing, excretion, and digestion. Excluding GROWTH AND MOVEMENT
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Skin: Release sweat which mostly contain ions ,Urea and water. This is not an Excretory function as the aim of this thermoregulatory function is to lower down the body temperature. This is not aiming for excretion of excess/toxic/waste substances from body.
Expiration of water in the lungs also do not aim excrete it cause its in excess but because its uncontrollable ( As the alveoli is moist for promoting the diffusion of gases it also evaporates and is exhaled out.
Sphincter muscles are muscles of Bladder which block the exit of bladder once contracted in a voluntary action
Note: Infants contration and relaxation of these muscles are Involentory
Selective Reabsorption is a process in which certain substances like glucose are reabsorbed from the filtrate while it passes through the nephron
Liver has an essential role in assimilating digested and simplified amino acids into body structures such as fibrinogen
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