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RENAISSANCE - Coggle Diagram

- - - - inspiration from the ancient Greek and Roman classical arts
        
        In MUSIC, this return to the past DID NOT TAKE PLACE
        
        because music from Antiquity was not known
        
        stylistic evolution
        
        began in the period of Ars Nova
  - - - mankind turned back and looked at himself
    - - Composers were known
        
        acquired great social importance
      - Printing press
        
        spreading of music was far easier
      - More natural and expressive
      - Simple forms and proportions
      - Homophonic texture
      - Secular music became as important as religious music
      - Instrumental music was born
- - - - England
      - Henry VIII
      - Eliminated mass
      - ANTHEM
        
        Similar to the motet
        
        Four voices
        
        English
    - - GREGORIAN CHANT
      - Developed polyphony
      - MOTET
        
        Most important form of religious polyphony
        
        Latin
      - MASS
        
        Compound musical form
        
        Putting together all the pieces of the liturgy
    - - Germany
      - Martin Luther
        
        Music is the most important thing after theology
        
        Composer and flutist
      - CHORALE
        
        Simple composition
        
        Based on popular melodies
        
        For voices
        
        German
        
        Homophonic texture
- - - - Italy
        
        Madrigal
        
        Polyphonic form for four of five voices
        
        Attempts to reflect the sense and meaning of the text by using expressive elements: "madrigalism"
        
        Carlo Gesualdo, Claudio Monteverdi and Maddalena Cassulana
      - All kind of subjects regarding HUMANS and their EMOTIONS
      - France
        
        Chanson
        
        Vocal form with polyphonic texture and instrumental accompaniment
        
        Descriptive character
        
        Musical onomatopeias
        
        Josquin des Prez and Clément Janequin
      - England
        
        Ayre
        
        Solo voice
        
        Lute accompaniment
        
        John Dowland
      - Spain
        
        Secular vocal polyphony had a strong popular character based on:
        -Traditional melodies
        -Danceables rhythms
        -Syllabic style
        -Simple homophonic texture
        -Four voices
        
        Villancico
        
        follows a text structured in choruses and coplas
        
        the last verses of the copla act as a "volta", repeating the melody of the chorus
        
        Ensalada
        
        mixes different genres, forms and texts
        
        puts together mocking and serious subjects
        
        Juan del Enzina, Francisco de Peñalosa, Mateo Flecha and Juan Vázquez
        
        Romance
        
        strophic song
        
        narrative character
        
        historic and legendary matters or social events
        
        composed by a musical section repeated for each strophe
- - - - Keep the typical structure and texture of the original vocal forms but adapted for instruments
        
        Ricercare derived from the motet
        
        Canzona derived from the chanson
    - - Simple theme → Repeated with different modifications
        
        transforming the original material/ adding new elements
        
        Variation form → "differences"
        
        Used popular melodies of themes borrowed from other composers
    - - Freely made up
        
        Fantasia
        
        Tocata
      - Improvised upon a given melody or cantus firmus