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COMMUNICATION The process of meaningful interaction among human beigns -…
COMMUNICATION The process of meaningful interaction among human beigns
ELEMENTS
Sender
The initiator of the message
Message
the content to convey
Encoding
the act of transforming the message
Channel
the way the message flows
can be traditional
Print
Magazines/Posters/Maps
Broadcast
telephone /radio/tv
can be digital
Print
3D prints/Newsletters/ Reviews
broadcast
Smartphones/Interactive maps
Media
E-mail/SMS/ Social media
Receiver
the person who the message is addressed to
Decoding
the act of interpreting the message
Feedback
the step which confirms the receiver received the message
PURPOSES
1 to share knowledge
2 to imagine unreal situations
3 to influence
4 to meet social expetations
5to express feelings
BARRIERS
linguistic
the terminology may act as a barrier( difficult if Jargon)
psychological
personal stress can create misunderstanding
emotional
some people may find difficult express their emotions
physical
communication is easier over shorter distances
physiological
limitations such as stuttering can prevent effective communication
personalities may affect communication
cultural
general behaviour can change from one culture to another
TYPES
verbal
messages communicated through words
non-verbal
through facial expressions/gestures/hands to communicate six basic emotional aspects such as happiness, sadness, surprise, fear, disgust and anger.
formal
official
informal
not according to official way
grapevine( wheel, cluster, chain , free-flow)
mass
messages trasmitted to large publics
interpersonal
the transfer of a message from one person to another
visual
messages distributed through visual elements
music
a means by which people can share emotions and meanings
subliminal
communication is sent below the threshold of conscious awareness