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SAE Topic 4: Sustainable Refurbishment, Internet of Things (IoT) - Coggle…
SAE Topic 4: Sustainable Refurbishment
Introduction
Need to build, operate
& maintain buildings
Sustainable way increase, energy, water & material resources become scarce
Sustainable Refurbishment
Old buildings
use large amount of energy
less ideal living & working
conditions for occupants
poor lighting
poor ventilation
solar penetration & glare
poor control of cooling
refurbishment > demolition
(sustainable)
saving the embodied
impact of materials
architectural value
waste disposal
Advantages
reduce energy, utilities & water consumption
improve building's indoor environment quality
reduce negative impacts of buildings on occupants
enhance value, demand & lower operating costs
Super Low Energy Building (SLE Building)
Key Technologies to Achieve Super Low Energy
Smart Energy Management
Building Management System (BMS) is a control system that monitors and manages mechanical, electrical and electromechanical services in a facility
Improves energy-efficiency
Saves operation and maintenance costs
Improve occupancy comfort
Active Strategies
Mechanical systems
air conditioning, mechanical ventilation, lighting, vertical transportation, etc,
Bulk energy consumption in building
Renewable Energy
Solar Energy
an annual average irradiance of 1,636 kWh/m2 per year,
which can be utilised through photovoltaic (PV)
BY converting sunlight into
electricity, and solar thermal, producing hot water
Passive Strategies
Fundamental prerequisite
integrate energy efficiency and project specific parameters
tailored to each specific context
retrofitting
limited and complicated
consistent structural and architectural changes to correct the physical features of a building
Green Mark for SLE
Introduced during International Green Building Conference 2018 (IGBC 2018) on 5 September 2018
Targets new and existing non-residential buildings and demonstration projects from Research & Innovation efforts
Encourages industry to push boundaries on energy efficiency to
achieve best-in-class building energy performance in a cost effective manner
Categories
Super Low Energy buildings
Achieve at least 60% energy savings through adopting energy efficient measures and onsite renewable energy based on 2005 building code level
Zero Energy Building
Use of onsite and off-sites renewable energy to generate more than 100% of energy needed for building operation including plug load
Green Mark Gold
Minimum requirement for SLE and ZE to meet holistic environmental sustainability indicators
Greenery, indoor environment quality and other non-energy aspects
Ensures overall environmental sustainability performance indicators are looked at holistically, while pushing boundaries in terms of building energy performance
Launched in 2018
Aim for more energy and cost efficient solution
SLE Building Technology Roadmap
Keppel Land implemented technologies to rejuvenate its commercial buildings
Cooling tower water management system - Incorporates patented solution for better corrosion control (disinfect water to prevent algae and bacteria)
High efficiency air distribution system - Lower noise (more energy efficiency AHU system)
Smart lighting System - Occupancy sensors
Intelligent Building Control System - Uses simulation model for fault detection and predictive maintenance
Air Conditioning based on indoor activity analytics - Predict and optimise AC operation (integrated sensor)
Target to achieve 80% efficiency improvement
Design and development - partnership with schools and companies
More research to achieve 80% efficiency
60% energy efficiency improvement is feasible with current technologies
Green Mark Scheme
Advantages
Facilitate reduction in energy,
water & material resource usage
Reduce potential environmental impact
Provide clearer direction for continual improvement
Improve indoor environmental quality
(better health & wellbeing)
benchmarking scheme to recognise best practices in environmental design & performance
provide meaningful differentiation of buildings (positive effect on corporate image, leasing & resale value)
Green Mark - Leading Green Building Rating System
Comprehensive Framework for assessing the overall environmental performance of new & existing buildings
Promoting sustainable design, construction and operational practices in built environment.
Assessment Framework
Design & construct sustainable green buildings which can promote energy savings. water savings, healthier indoor environments as well as the adoption of more extensive greenery for their project.
Existing Buildings
Encourages to set and meet sustainability goals in their operations
Advance green building agenda
Created various schemes to promote Green Mark for different types of built environment
New Buildings, Existing Buildings, Beyond Buildings, Occupant-Centric
BCA launched the BCA Green
Mark Scheme in 2005
Adopt environmentally
sustainable practices
Target for 80% of all buildings to be certified by 2030
Building Control (Environmental Sustainability) Regulations 2008
Part IIIB – Environmental Sustainability Measures for Existing Buildings
introduced to the Building Control Act on 1 December 2012
Require building owners to
Achieve the minimum environmental sustainability standard (Green Mark Standard) when installing or retrofitting a cooling system (effective from 2 January 2014)
Carry out periodic energy efficiency audits on the building cooling system(s) and compliance with design system efficiency (effective form 2 January 2014)
Submit building information and energy consumption data annually through BCA's Building Energy Submission System (BESS) (effective from 1 July 2013)
Help building owners to
Benchmark their current building operations
Achieve the minimum efficiency standards required
Reap the benefits of the energy efficient systems
to further improve environment sustainability of buildings in Singapore.
New building developments & those undergoing are required to meet a prescribe minimum environmental standard
Scope & details
Additions or extensions to existing buildings which involve increasing gross floor area of the existing buildings by 2000 m2 or more
Building works which involve major retrofitting to existing buildings with gross floor area of 2000 m2 or more
All new building works with gross floor area of 2000 m2 or more
Not applicable to
Existing buildings which does not involve major retrofitting works is not subject to this requirement.
Submission
Qualified person submits the building plan
The other appropriate practitioners will be responsible for assessing and scoring the building works under their charge using the criteria and scoring methodology spelled out in the Code.
Integrated with building plan process
Mandatory Submission of Period Energy audits
To be carried by PE(Mech) or Energy Auditor (BCA Registered)
Building owner are required to carry out audit BEFORE submitting relevant documents - With effect from 1 Jan 2014
Maintain efficiency - energy saving
The aim of the periodic energy audit is to ensure the building cooling system continues to operate efficiently - Chiller system deteriorate overtime
Applicable to
at interval not less than 3 years after last notified
When Temporary Occupation Permit (TOP) and Certificate of Statutory Completion (CSC) issued
Building undergone major energy use change - 2nd January 2014
3 years after date of approve as-built score
at interval not less than 3 years after last notified
Internet of Things (IoT)