Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
CHAPTER 4.9 CHEMICAL HAZARD & CHEMICAL SAFETY MANAGEMENT - Coggle…
CHAPTER 4.9
CHEMICAL HAZARD & CHEMICAL SAFETY MANAGEMENT
(1) What Is Chemical Hazard?
substances or preparations that are
capable of causing harm either through its physical and chemical properties or its toxicity.
Examples:
Asbestos- used as construction
Benzene- produce polymers and plastics
Formaldehyde- used as adhesives
(2) MODE OF ENTRY
Inhalation (breathing in)
Skin
Absorption (eyes)
Ingestion (eating or swallowing)
(3) TYPES OF CHEMICAL HAZARDS
A) Health Hazards
cause adverse health effects
acute (short term )
chronic (long term )
B) Physicochemical Hazards
Do not occur as a consequence of the
biological interaction of the chemical with people
(4) THE IMPORTANCE OF DOSE
A) HOW LONG exposed to a chemical ?
B) What concentration ?
(5) EFFECTS OF CHEMICALS
d) Systemic effect: effect of the chemical following distribution of the chemical throughout the body.
c) Local effect: effect of the chemical at the site of contact (skin,mucous membranes, respiratory tract)
e) Cumulative effect: chemical has accumulated in the body as a result of numerouschronic exposure.
b) Chronic poisoning: repeated exposure to chemicals
f) Synergistic effect :effect of two or more chemicals is greater than the effect of the individual chemical,
a) Acute poisoning: single large exposure with rapid absorption of the substance
(6) WHERE DO CHEMICALS AFFECT ?
a) ACUTE - Short lasting and develop soon
after exposure
b) CHRONIC- Long lasting and sometimes
permanent.
(7) RISK ASSESSMENT OF CHEMICALS
Factors:
a) Hazardous properties of the hazardous chemical
b) Any potentially hazardous reaction (chemical or physical) between the hazardous chemical and another substance
c) Nature of the work to be carried out with the hazardous chemical
(8) CONTROL OF HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS
c)Enclosure Isolation : keep the chemical isolated from the worker
d) Engineering Control Ventilation
b) Substitution:when a new chemical or substance is used instead original chemical
e) Administrative Control
a) Elimination: process of removing the chemical hazard from the workplace
g) Personal Protective Equipment
f) Signage
9) Employee Training
Training must be thorough,frequent and focused on specific work tasks
Management must support training by providing adequate time and funding
Supervisors must lead by example
10 ) Prohibited and restricted hazardous chemicals
b) a number of carcinogens such as 4-nitrodiphenyls are prohibited from all uses except for genuine research
c) certain chemicals can be used, handled or stored in the workplace after receiving authorization from the regulator
a) substances containing arsenic must not be used in spray painting or abrasive blasting
11 ) Duties in relation to hazardous chemicals
Officers
ensuring chemicals are correctly labelled (remain labelled)
controlling ignition sources and accumulation of flammable and combustible substances
provision and availability of fire protection, fire fighting equipment and emergency and safety equipment
stability and support of containers for bulk hazardous chemicals including pipework
and attachments
Workers
Take reasonable care for their own health and safety
Follow health and safety instructions
Take reasonable care that their actions do not adversely affect the health and safety of others
Follow safe work practices
12) Hazard Pictograms & Dangerous Goods Class Labels
All decanted substances should have GHS hazard pictograms on label
All transported substances must have DG Class Labels
13) Safety Data Sheets (SDS)
Chemical information sheet provided by the manufacturer or supplier of chemicals
Identity
Properties
Uses
Precautions for use
Safe handling procedures
