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Basic Concepts of Chemistry (revision) - Coggle Diagram
Basic Concepts of Chemistry (revision)
Elements: A substance that cannot be broken down into another substance.
Atoms: Basic unit of elements
Protons: +1
Neutrons: 0
Electrons: -1
Complete electronic structure: The arrangement of all electrons in an atom of an element in appropriate sub shells
Electronic structure: The distribution of electrons in an atom of an element
Essential electronic structure: The representative of the arrangement of valence electrons of an atom of the element in appropriate sub-shells.
Mass Number: Sum of protons + neutrons in an element
Atomic Number: Number of protons in an element
Atomic Mass: Average mass of one atom of an element in nature
Relative Atomic Mass: The average mass of an atom of that element relative to the one atom of the carbon-12
Molecule: An aggregate of at least 2 atoms in a definite arrangement held together by chemical forces or bonds.
Relative Molecular Mass: The sum of all relative atomic masses of all atoms in a molecule
Atomic orbital: the volume in which an electron is to be found with a certain probability.
Isotopes: Atoms with same atomic number but different mass number.
Ions: When an atom gain or loses electrons
Cations = positive ions
Anions: Negative ions
Ionisation energy: The std energy change when one electron is removed from a gaseous atom, molecule or ion.
Electron affinity: the energy released when an electron Is added to gases atom to form an gaseous ion.
Compound: When two of more elements chemically combine in a fixed ratio by mass, the obtained product
Electropositive elements: metals which tend to lose electrons and form positive ions
Electrical conductivity: the measure of the ease at which an electric charge or heat can pass through a material
Electronegative elements: non-metals which tend to gain electrons and for, negative ions
Electronegativity: the measure of the ability of an atom to attract bonding electrons to itself when it is joined to another atom by a chemical bond.
Molarity: 1 mole of solute that dissolved un 1 dm^3 of solution
boiling point: the temperature at which vapor pressure of solution is equal to atmospheric pressure.
metalloids: elements with properties that lie between those typical of metals and non-metals.