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Coordination System - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Pick up messages from other neurones lying nearby
    - - Contain DNA
      - Contain genetic material of the body
      - Act as a reservoir of biological instructions which are required to synthesize proteins in a neuron
    - - Provide a suspension medium for organelles and free-floating molecule
    - - Facilitate the rapid conduction of nerve impulses
    - - Layer of fat and protein that allows electrical impulses to transmit faster along the neurons
    - - Cause the release of neurotransmitter to trigger the adjacent neuron to carry impulses
    - - Pass impulse to another neuron
  - - - Trigger the release of neurotransmitter from hundreds of tiny vacuoles or vesicles
      - Neurotransmitters diffuse across gap due to concentration gradient
      - Neurotransmitters bind to the receptors in the next neuron and continue the impulse
- - - - Located below the corpus callosum in the middle of the brain
      - Control biorhythms in some animals and control the onset of puberty in humans
        
        Produce melatonin to synchronize circadian rhythms in different parts of your body
        
        Help in regulating menstrual cycle
    - - Located underneath the front part of cerebrum
      - Osmoregulation and temperature regulation
        
        Stimulate the production of ADH by pituitary gland
        
        Keep a constant check of temperature in blood
    - - Located in centre of the head, attached to the hypothalamus
      - Secrete ADH, TSH, GH, stimulate secretion of hormones from other glands
        
        Secrete ADH to increase the permeability of collecting duct for more water reabsorption
        
        Secrete TSH to tell your thyroid how much thyroid hormone it needs to make
        
        Secrete GH to influence height and build bones and muscles
    - - Located in front of the neck, below the larynx (voice box)
      - Control the level of calcium by PTH
        
        Increase blood calcium level
        
        Stimulate calcium reabsorption
        
        Activate vitamin D
    - - Located in front of the neck, below the larynx (voice box)
      - Stimulate metabolic rate and is essential for growth and development
        
        Secrete calcitonin to control calcium and potassium levels
        
        Secrete T3 to maintain muscle control, brain function and development, heart and digestive functions
        
        Secrete thyroxine to control metabolism
    - - Located in the upper part of the chest
      - Promote production and maturation of white blood cells by thymosin
    - - Located on top of each kidney
      - Prepare the body for fight or flight by adrenaline as epinephrine and norepinephrine
        
        Initiate stress responses
        
        Increase heart rate
        
        Increase blood pressure
        
        Increase metabolic rate
        
        Dilate blood vessels
        
        Mobilize fat
        
        Raise blood sugar levels
    - - Located across the back of the abdomen, behind the stomach.
      - Control blood glucose level and determine the fate of glycogen
        
        Secrete insulin to convert excess glucose into glycogen
        
        Secrete glucagon to convert glycogen to glucose when needed
        
        Secrete somatostatin to prevent the production of other hormones in your endocrine system and certain secretions in your exocrine system
        
        Secrete gastrin to enhance gastric mucosal growth, gastric motility, and secretion of hydrochloric acid (HCl) into the stomach
    - - Located on both sides of the uterus, below the opening of the fallopian tubes (tubes that extend from the uterus to the ovaries)
      - Stimulate development of secondary sex characteristics, stimulate growth of sex organs at puberty, and prompt monthly preparation of uterus for pregnancy
        
        Secrete oestrogen to stimulate development of sex organs and secondary sexual characteristics, cause the lining of uterus to get thick and spongy
        
        Secrete progesterone to maintain the lining of uterus and prepare uterus for fertilized egg
    - - Located in a pouch that hangs suspended outside the male body
      - Stimulate development of sex organs and secondary sexual characteristics, stimulate growth spurt at puberty, stimulate spermatogenesis by testosterone
  - - - Decrease reaction time
    - - Careless and impulsive behavior
        
        Failure in self control
    - - Anti-social behavior
  - - - Lack of iodine
        
        Swelling at the front of the neck
        
        Obstruct the airway and voice box
        
        Difficulty swallowing
        
        Difficulty breathing with exertion
        
        Cough
        
        Hoarseness
        
        Snoring
        
        Can cause complications in multiple body systems because of changing production of hormones
    - - Lack of thyroxine from or before birth
        
        Severe and irreparable mental defects
        
        Stunted growth and functions of many organs
        
        Children do not grow properly and no brain development
      - Lack of iodine in mother
      - Lack of thyroid gland
    - - Excess of GH
        
        Large body stature with increased height compared to peers
        
        Have large body
        
        Mobility issue
        
        Excessive sweating
    - - Lack of GH
        
        Short body parts
        
        Risk of hearing loss
        
        Motor skills development delay
        
        Breathing difficulty