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history revision, key events, key words, why was charles 1st executed,…
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key events
1603 Elizabeth I dies, James VI of Scotland becomes James I of England
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key words
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a member of a 16th and 17th century Protestant group in England and New England opposing as unscriptural the ceremonial worship and the prelacy of the Church of England.
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monarks
james 1st
James was both King of England and Scotland, and joined the two nations together. He was the target of the Gunpowder Plotters. He believed in the Divine Right of Kings, the belief that God gave King’s their power, and therefore could not be argued with by anyone.
charles 1st
The eldest son on James I, Charles also believed in the Divine Right of Kings. This led to arguments with Parliament, which in the end led to the English Civil War. Charles eventually loses, and is the only King to be put on trial and executed by the country.
oliver cromwell
Oliver Cromwell was an MP, who rose to fame due to New Model Army in the English Civil War. After the war, he was one of the MP’s who signed Charles I death warrant. He later became Lord Protector of England, leader of England until his death in 1658
Charles 2nd
Charles II, son of Charles I, was in hiding in France after his father was beheaded. When Oliver Cromwell died he started to plan his return. In 1660, he successfully landed and paraded through London to cheering crowds. Often called “The Merry Monarch”
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guy forks
Guy/Guido Fawkes and his fellow Catholics realised they would gain no freedom of worship from James I and would continue to be treated unfairly in England.
Fawkes and a group of conspirators hatch a plan to kill the king.
They planned to blow up him and the Houses of Parliament during the Opening of Parliament on 5th November.
They smuggled 36 barrels of gunpowder to the cellars below parliament and it was there, on the 4th November that the king’s men caught Fawkes with the gunpowder.
They tortured him there for 2 days until he signed his confession as Guido Fawkes. The king sentenced Fawkes to death.
He was executed on the 31st January 1606. His dead body was then cut into quarters and sent to different parts of the country. The pieces of his body were put on display for the public to see.
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