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Water pt. 2, The expansion and upgrading work, carried out between 2013…
Water pt. 2
Reflections
Concern for Quality of drinking water ranked 6th pg 386 economic problems were ranked ahead, as well as health care
Our drinking water is not renewable- lakes are not renewable supply- the precipitation and flows associated with them are (the interest) while lakes are the capital that can be spent only once (pg 387)
In reality, canada only has 2.6% of the global renewable water supply, considering the other 4 % flows northward to areas uninhabited by humans (arctic and subarctic) (pg 387)
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“The greatest risk to water quality is poorly treated municipal waste (point source), and agricultural runoff (non-point source)” (pg 396)
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In 2015, 82% of households wee connected to municipal sewer systems , in 2009, 65 percent of waste flows originated in household (pg 397)
Mercury levels continue to rise in Canadas lakes and rivers (397) prolonged mercury destroys ecosystems, and eat to brain and kidney damage
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1. Water intake
- drawn from lake Memphremagog - cross border lake (km) - fed by riverine Magog, rivière aux cerises
- water is drawn from 14 m below the surface
- pumping station located on the shore of the lake
- 6 pumps transfer the water to sherbrooke using a 915 mm pipe (travels 27 km to the J.M. Jeanson water treatment plant
2. Filtration
- one of only a very few in North America to be equipped with a secondary membrane filtration system (exp) - At 100,000 cubic meters per day, it is also the largest membrane filtration plant in Quebec. (Exp)
- Water is sifted through 5 300 micron sieves to remove solid particles
- water is then filtered through 9 member and filtration units
- process removes majority of bacteria and viruses
3. Ozone generator
- one of the largest very-high-frequency ozonation systems in the world (exp)
- 3 o. Generators sterilize the water
- residual bacteria is destroyed
- smell, color, and taste is eliminated
- created ozone is uses as a disinfectant, by oxidizing sulfates
4. Chlorination
- 4 pumps inject a cchorine solutions with a 12% concentration
- this ensures and maintains the quality of the water during distributions
5. Drinking water tanks
- the disinfected and treated water s=is held underground (beaneath Sherbrooke university)
- contains 90 million liters is water
6. Distribution
- 4 pumps Cary water to all residences in sherbrooke
- these pumps can each deliver 43 million liters of water per day
- employees take more than 6,000 samples each year all over the aquaduct network
- quality ensured
Waste water process
- Leaves our homes, and is transferred through sewage pipes to one of the 5 water treatment facilities in sherbrooke.
- the water is then treated, and eventually released back into one of 2 rivers, Magog or saint francois
- 26 of 30 billion liters of wastewater is lost and enters the ecosystem or ground annually
- water is first passed through large containers with large bars which catch large solid waste
- water is then put through a ventilation system which allows gravel and sand particles to easily settle at the bottom of the collection bins (300 tonnes of sand and gravel are removed annually
- water then proceed to primary treatment where “various products” are added to induce coagulation in particles and allow them (and solids) that have remained held in suspension to settle at the bottom. (What is settled is called sludge, and is eventually dehydrated and distributed to farmers to use as soil fertilizers and additive nutrients to soil
- water is then transferred to secondary treatment called “biofiltration”. Water passes through 14 bio filters containing live bacteria which digest and eliminate any remaining particles suspended in the water
- filtered water is then treated with ultraviolet light. Radiation from the light destroys a large portion of bacteria and residual pathogens.
The expansion and upgrading work, carried out between 2013 and 2015 at a cost of $31.4 million
Lakes are considered surface water sources. They are fed by ground water, rain, streams, and rivers which also collec rain and carry water to lakes BCWWA
Stormwater is the result of rain or melting snow. Some of this water is absorbed by the earth and percolates down into underground aquifers, and some finds its way through ditches to streams and rivers that flow into lakes and oceans. BCWWA