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Civics, image - Coggle Diagram
Civics
Principles of Justice
Independent Judiciary
The executive implements it and the judiciary independently interprets and applies it; that is impartially, honestly and justly, without interference.
Trial by Media
At times, media coverage (televisions and newspaper) can impact on the accused's reputation by creating widespread opinions.
Equality Before The Law
All people must be treated equally by the law, regardless of circumstances.
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Right to appeal
An appeal is the ability to have your case reviewed by a higher court, based on reasonable grounds.
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Court Hierachy
Supreme Court
Hears serious cases such as murder and drug dealing. The highest court also appeals to civil cases of up to 750, 000 dollars,
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High Court
Highest court can hear copyright, company law and family law. But most of the high court is the hearing of appeals against decisions of other courts.
Magistrates Court
The lowest court, does minor criminal cases such as speeding and vandalism.
Political Party
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Criminal Cases
Criminal laws are when a person commits a crime which then the state takes them to a court. In a criminal case if a person is found to be guilty they will be sentenced to receive a punishment such as imprisonment or a fine.
Civil Cases
This particular law deals with non-criminal cases .Civil law protects individuals by dealing with their disputers over an action, that results in loss or harm. If someone has their rights have been infringed or is harmed by another person, they can sue the other party for damages.
Rules
Statutory Law
Statutory law is able to be passed into both federal and state parliaments. Federal; parliament can create laws that affect the whole country. State parliaments can only create laws for the state.
Common Law
Common law is when a judge makes a decision on how to apply the law, it sets a precedent (meaning similar cases in the future should be dealt with in the same way)
Parliament
Forms of government
State
State laws relate to primarily schools, hospitals, agriculture, police, mining and many more.
Local
Local government are responsible for local roads, sewerage, pet control, town planning, parking and many more.
Federal
The federal parliament has legislative (law making power). These include: defence, citizenship, taxation, Medicare, immigration and more.
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