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DM Type 2 - Coggle Diagram
DM Type 2
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Anatomy of Pancreas
The pancreas is an accessory organ and exocrine gland of the digestive system, as well as a hormone producing endocrine gland. It is a retroperitoneal organ consisting of five parts and an internal system of ducts.
3 parts: Head, Tail, and Body
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Education and Prognosis
Prognosis is related to and depends of how is the complication microvascular or the macrovascular. If known and treated well, the patient will have less morbidity and mortality rate.
Education could be in changing lifestyle, stop smoking, avoid high sugar food and beverages, do regular exercise for at least 30 minutes, reach ideal weight so can reach the ideal body mass index
Diagnosis of DM Type 2
History Taking
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Increment in thirst, body weakness and still remains after take a rest.
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Private company employee with sedentary lifestyle (less frequent exercise, works in front of computer, eats fast food and noodles).
Physical Examination
Vital sign, anthropometry, and localized examination
Etiology
Lifestyle
Less exercise, smoking, eat unhealthy food
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Treatment
Pharmacology
Metformin, glibenclamide, sulfonilurea, Acarbose.
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Pathogenesis
ordinarily involves the development of insulin resistance associated with compensatory hyperinsulinemia, followed by progressive beta-cell impairment that results in decreasing insulin secretion and hyperglycemia.
Clinical Manifestations
Patients with diabetes mellitus most commonly present with increased thirst, increased urination, lack of energy and fatigue, bacterial and fungal infections, and delayed wound healing. Some patients can also complain of numbness or tingling in their hands or feet or with blurred vision.
Complications
Diabetic retinopathy, diabetic nephropathy, diabetic neuropathy, diabetic foot, peripheral arterial disease
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Differential Diagnosis
Cushing disease, cushing syndrome, thryotoxicosis, diabetic ketoacidosis.