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ISLAM - Coggle Diagram

- - - - belief in prophets
        
        muhammad
        
        quran - unadulterated word of god
        
        hadith - words of muhammad - how to be perfect servant to god
        
        isa
        
        gospels
        
        = jesus - involved in judgement
        
        musa
        
        torah
        
        moses - judaism
        
        ibrahim
        
        scrolls
        
        rebuilt kabah whichmuhammad visited (basis of hajj)
        
        dawnd
        
        psalms
        
        david
  - - - quran
        
        exact word of god
      - scrolls
        
        corrupted through translation and editing
      - torah
      - gospels
      - psalms
  - - - belief in prophethood and chain of messangers from adam to muhammad
    - - the belief that alah is just and fair about divine justice
    - - god given leader - shia muslims believe authority has been given to a specific group of people (muhammad, his daughter and a line of imams starting from ali)
    - - the belief that there will be a day of judgement and resurrection
  - - - jibril
        
        helps allah communicate with prophets - delivered the quran to muhammad over 23 years
        
        the trust worthy spirt
      - izra'il
        
        angel of death - takes the soul of every oerson and returns it to allah
      - mika'il
        
        oversees the provision and mainteance of life - in charge of plants and rain - provides for the body both physically and mentally
  - - - jannah
        
        "what a blessed reward! whata pleasant resing place!"
      - jahannam
        
        "fire will scorch their faces and their lips will be twisted in pain"
- - - - muslim greeting which means 'peace be upon you'
    - - disagreements are sometimes inevitable
      - efforts should be made to forgive others and bring about peace
      - god will bless those who ake such efforts and bring about reconciliation
    - - working against injustice and for peace at home, with communities and globally
      - showing commitment to peace on behalf of all muslims
      - reaching out to other religions to further mutual understnding and respet
      - persue goals in many ways including conferences and publications
  - - - just cause - reasons for war should uphold justice
      - comparative justice - those affected by war should expect and better future
      - legitimate authority - war can only be declared by a recognized leader
      - right intention - motive to fight must reestablish peace
      - probability of success - should be a strong chance of winning
      - last resort - only if all other attempts for peace have failed
      - proportionality - force used in war proportional to reason for conflict
  - - - persecution become intense
      - freedome of belief is taken away
      - muslims have to defend themselves from an attack started by aggressors
      - authorised by a muslim leader
      - last resort
  - - - fusion bomb - never deployed
      - atomic bomb
    - - anthrax - posted to people in 2005
      - tuberculosis
      - sending crop killing insects to a country to starve out population
    - - agent orange - originally herbicide to kill jungle + killed people through birth defects
      - chlorine gas
      - neplam
    - - just war teaches that WMD could be used if force is proportional to problem
    - - holy war doctrine - cant kill muslims (so unless sure there are no muslims in the area it cannot be used)
      - surah 5:32 - cant kill an innocent - WMD which usually kills anyone in that area so can include civillians
      - maliks muwatta - dont destroy nature (chemical and nuclear can harm nature)
      - just war - aims to reestablish peace - WMD dont do this as they usually kill lost of civillians which causes more conflict / akes life worse for people
  - - - summarised to:
        
        dont kill innocents
        
        do not destroy nature
        
        dont destroy homes
        
        do not steal from battle gains
        
        dont be a coward
- - - - diffculties conforming to societies norms because of poor parentig or troubled family life
    - - prejudice against people from particular social or racial backgronds
    - - poor performance in exams or lack of suitale job opportunities that people believe they are entitled but denied
    - - peer pressure - groups that encourage bad behaviour due to dislike for rules and authority
  - - - protecting society from criminals so people feel safe
    - - criminals should pay for crimes - suffering consequences
      - feels "right"
      - creates a vengeful society
    - - punishment should put people off commiting crimes
      - stops crime before it happens - prevention
      - choice of punishment matters
    - - punishment should try and chage criminals so that they do not reoffend
      - lowers crime
      - requires time and money - people let off too easy
  - - - legal/authorised killig of a person for committing a crime
    - - an eye for an eye - okay for murder
- - - - praying 5 times a day (in 3 sessions for shia)
    - - fasting during ramadan
    - - giving 2.5% of your wealth to charity
    - - pilgrimage to Mecca
    - - tax set at 20% for causes decided by shia leaders
    - - striving in the way of allah
    - - encouraging good actions
    - - discouraging bad actions
    - - assosiating with good people
    - - disassosiation with bad people
  - - - the oneness of god
      - MOST IMPORTANT PILLAR
      - a prayer which is recited once to become a muslim and another time when you are about to die
      - shia muslims add on "ali is a friend of god"
      - worshiping another god other than allah is SHIRK - onlyone can give life, answer prayers and provide for everyones needs
    - - compulsory act of giving 2.5% of your wealth to charity - pruification
      - a law - compulsory
      - obeying gods law - allows you to free yourself from greed
      - shows how everything belongs to god
      - nisab - the minimum amount of wealth a muslim can have to still have to pay zakah
    - - a once in a lifetime pillgrimage to mecca
      - largest annual pilgimage in the world
      - must spend a week preparing yourslef for hajj - getting into the state of IHRAM (cant shave, cut nails, ect)
      - GRAND MOSQUE - holiest place in islam
      - kabah - house of god (created in 2000bc)
      - 7 loops counter clockwise around kabah = TAWAF
      - 5 days tocomplete all hajj activities
      - sa'l - walking/running between 2 hills
      - a day at mount arfa - where muhammad spent his last day - collect stones
      - mina - where most pilgrims stay during hajj - pre pilgrimage
      - they throw 21 stones - 7 at each of the different devil places
      - Eid al-Adha - a festival celebrating the end of hajj - slaughter an animal to celebrate +shave head
    - - muslims expected to pray 5x a day
      - must pray in the direction of mecca = QIBLAH
      - wudu'
        
        involves washing or wiping various parts of face and body such as hands and elbows
        
        shia muslims wash front of head
        
        sunni muslims wash back of head
        
        idea of purifying/ cleaning yourself to be pure infront of god
      - must pray before sunrise / noon / late afternoon / after sunset / later in the evening
      - there are diffrenet movements:
        
        standing
        
        bowing
        
        prostrating (bow down)
        
        kneeling
    - - fasting during the month of ramadan
      - no food, water, swearing, sex, bad behaviour from sunrise until sunset
      - self diciplin + value of charity + understand the poor + give thanks for quran
      - muhammad did it
  - - - struggle to overcome evil in ones own life
    - - struggle in the cause of Islam to overcome injustice in society
  - - - celebration of the end of rammadan
      - what they do:
        
        everyone says "id mubarah" to eachother
        
        go to mosque and offer a special prayer
        
        new clothes
        
        gifts and food
        
        listen to sermon
    - - celebration of the end of hajj and the story of ibrahim (festival of sacrifice)
      - links all muslims even those that didnt go to hajj
      - sacrifice a goat
      - meat shared out among poor
    - - SHIA
      - commemoration of the anniversary of muhammads grandsons martyrdom - hossein murdered
      - mosques draped in black - mourning
      - pilgrimage to karbala