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Topic 11. Ecosystems Ecology - Coggle Diagram
Topic 11. Ecosystems Ecology
Ecosystems are all those systems conformed by biotic communities related to their abiotic environment, in which they interact. :
Biomes are very large ecological areas with fauna and flora adapted to their environment. Biomes are often defined by abiotic factors such as climate, relief, geology, soil, and vegetation
Emergent Properties
Ecosystems have distinctive attributes according to their organization level; these are called emergent properties:
Primary productivity: A measure of the rate at which new organic matter is developed through photosynthesis and chemosynthesis in producer organisms.
Secondary productivity: The rate at which consumers convert chemical energy from their food into their own biomass
Matter flow velocity and movement pattern: The speed and path taken by all chemical elements, such as carbon, nitrogen, and others.
Energy flow velocity and movement pattern: The speed and path taken by the energy through the components of the ecosystem.
Trophic structure: The way in which organisms are organized within the ecosystem according to the type of food they consume. There are two levels:
Trophic level. Number of times in which energy passes from one organism to another.
Decomposition rate. The velocity in which the material produced by an organism is decomposed into smaller chemical components.
Ecological efficacy. Measurement of energy passing through trophic levels.
Trophic webs
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Biomass. Energy amount accumulated within living beings from an ecosystem.
Connectivity level in a trophic web. Number of food links among species.