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Arleth Rodriguez Per 3 Muscular - Coggle Diagram
Arleth Rodriguez
Per 3
Muscular
Disorders associated with the Muscular system
Myasthenia Gravis
-Neuromuscular disorder that blocks neurotransmitters
-Typically caused by age or commonly in women
-Symptoms may be muscle weakness, shortness of breath, and facial paralysis
-Treatments can be medications, thymectomy, and eye patch for double vision
Fibromyalgia
-Muscle pain
-Typically caused by physical trauma
-Symptoms are muscle pain, tender points, and joint pain
-Treatments can be physical therapy, exercise regimen,and massage
Muscular Dystrophy
-Muscle weakness and atrophy
-Usually caused by genetics
-Symptoms are muscle, eyelid drooping, and loss of strength
-Treatments can be physical therapy or medication
Cerebral Palsy
-Spastic paralysis causing muscle weakness
-Caused by brain injury, premature birth, and brain infection
-Delayed development and muscle tightness are some symptoms
-No cure but there's medication for symptoms and physical therapy
Myositis
-Inflammation of the muscle
-Usually caused by muscle trauma
-Symptoms can be muscle weakness, swelling, and tenderness
-Treatments can be medication and antibiotics
Connective tissue coverings
Perimysium
-Extends inward from the epimysium and surrounds
bundles of skeletal muscle fibers
Endomysium
-Each muscle cell is covered by a connective tissue layer
Epimysium
-The layer of connective tissue around each skeletal muscle
Sliding filament theory of muscle contraction
Cross-bridge:
Formed during muscle
contraction when myosin head attaches to a bindingsite on the actin filament
All the skeletal muscles
Face:
-Orbicularis oculi
-Orbicularis oris
-Masseter
-Temporalis
-Frontalis
-Zygomaticos
Neck:
-Platysma
-Trapezius
-Sternodeido
Chest/Back:
-Deltoid
-Pectoralis major
-Serratus anterior
-External oblique
-Rectus Abdominis
-Infraspinatus
-Teres major
-Rhomboid
-Latissimus dorsi
Arms:
-Biceps brachii
-Triceps brachii
-Brachialis
-Pronator
-Brachioradialis
-Flexor capri radialis
-Extensor carpi radialis
-Palmaris
-Flexor capri unlaris
-Extensor carpi ulnaris
Legs:
-Iliopsoas
-Tensor fasciae latae
-Sartorius
-Gracilis
-Adductor longus
-Vastus lateralis
-Rectus femoris
-Vastus medialis
-Tibialis anterior
-Fibularis longus
-Extensor digitorum longus
-Soleus
-Gluteus medius
-Gluteus maximus
-Adductor magnus
-Bicep femoris
-Semitendinosus
-Semimembranosus
-Calcaneal tendon
3 Types of muscles
Smooth
-Its major location is in the walls of hollow viscera, blood vessels
-Its major function is movement of viscera, peristalsis,vasoconstriction
Cardiac
-Its major location is the wall of the heart
-Its major function is pumping action of the heart
Skeletal
-Its major function is movement of bones at joints, maintenance of posture.
-Its major location is surrounding the bones.
Sarcomeres
Myofibrils are made up of many units called sarcomeres
A sarcomere extends from one Z line to the next
I bands
-made up of actin filaments, which are anchored to the Z lines
A bands
-made up of overlapping thick and thin
filaments
H zone
-consists of myosin
filaments only
M line
-consists of proteins that hold the
myosin filaments in place