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SPAIN: END OF ABSOLUTISM
from Carlos IV of Bourbon to Jose I Bonaparte
Carlos IV
’s reign
began in 1788
Louis XVI of France (cousin)
imprisoned and put on trial
Spain sent troops to help him fight the National Convention
little success
Napoleon
came to power (1799)
Godoy
Spain’s new prime minister
returned Family compacts (alliance between France and Spain)
British defeated France and Spain
battle of Trafalgar
2 years later
Godoy and Napoleon signed the
Treaty of Fontaineblea
allowed French troops to cross Spain to occupy Portugal
revolt of Aranjuez
dismissal of Godoy
and of Carlos in favour of his son (Fernando VII)
Napoleon's plan
his troops --> occupy Spain
Jose I (brother)
had not the support of Spanish people
2 may 1808
people of Madrid rebelled against the French troops occupying the capital
peninsular war
spread from Madrid to the rest of the country
juntas de defensa
in different kingdoms and provinces
to organise the Peninsular War against France
French army --> very powerful
guerillas
armed groups of people using irregular military tactics against a regular army
surprise attacks
from the constitution to the return to absolutism
1812
Junta Central met in Sevilla and decided to hold elections
to bring together the people’s representatives at the first Parliament
to write a Constitution
sovereignty was in the hands of the nation
nations established fundamental laws
separation of powers
legislative power
Parliament that drafted laws with the King
executive power
king
judicial power
court
universal manhood suffrage
only place not under the French control -->
Cadiz
Fernando VII returned to Spain 1814
war over + father dead
