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07 SPAIN: THE END OF ABSOLUTISM, image, image, image, image, image -…
07 SPAIN: THE END OF ABSOLUTISM
From Carlos IV of Bourbon to José I Bonaparte
Revolt of Aranjuez (1808)
Godoy almost lost his life
Carlos IV abdicated
Fernando enemy of Godoy
not agree with this policy
José I
monarch of Spain
Napoleon occupied Spain (1808)
King Fernando VII
returned the Crown
gave it to Napoleon
summoned royal family to Bayonne
emperor pressurised to return the Crown to their father
On 2 May 1808
Madrid rebelled
Treaty of Fontainebleau
Godoy
returned alliances with France
Spain’s new prime minister
Continental Blockade on Great Britain
Battle of Trafalgar (1805)
allowed French troops to cross Spain
to attack Portugal
Napoleon came to power (1799)
Carlos IV’s
cousin: Louis XVI of France
imprisoned and put on trial
National Convention
1788
The Peninsular War
The French army
invincible in Europe
Junta Central
ally with its traditional enemy
Great Britain
troops to the Peninsula
confrontations followed
dramatic events
Girona
Vitoria-Gasteiz
Zaragoza
very powerful
Guerrillas
armed groups
made surprise attacks
Spanish people
military tactic
1814, the French army withdrew from Spain
lengthening the conflict
Juntas de defensa
different kingdoms and provinces
Peninsular War against France
The uprising from Madrid
From the Constitution to the Return to Absolutism
Constitution of 1812
the liberal principles were also confirmed
two elements were maintained
Catholic religion
only permitted religion
the monarchy
Ideas
Separation of powers
executive: king himself
legislative: parliament
judicial: courts established by law
universal manhood suffrage
Sovereignty in hands of the nation
Fernando VII
symbol of the nation’s restored freedom
supporter of absolutism
suppressed the Constitution of 1812
liberals were persecuted and exiled
his father was dead
returned to Spain in 1814
Constitution
Cádiz
first in the history of Spain
Junta Central
decided to hold elections
First parliament
met in Sevilla
write a constitution
