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03 THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: THE FOUNDING OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,…
03 THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: THE FOUNDING OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
1 THE THIRTEEN COLONIES: WAR AND INDEPENDENCE
colonists ruled themselves through the colonial assemblies
THE THIRTEEN COLONIES
governor, as the king’s representative, held the highest authority in each colony
After Seven Years’ War (1756–1763) the British created a large permanent army in America.
They had to pay a series of taxes to the British Crown
They forced colonists to fund it through new taxes, but colonists rebelled.
British monarchy organised the colonists into 13 demarcations or colonies
revolutionary process began
Since 17th century, groups of European emigrants, mainly from England, settled on the east coast of North America.
1776, delegates from the Thirteen Colonies met in Philadelphia
declared independence from Great Britain and George III’s rule
British opposed to these changes, and the American War of Independence began
After battles of Saratoga and Yorktown the Peace of Paris was signed in 1783.
2 THE POLITICAL REGIME OF THE UNITED STATES
members of the Senate, two for each federated state, were elected by the state parliaments.
states of Vermont, Pennsylvania and Kentucky approved universal manhood suffrage for white men before 1800.
Members of the House of Representatives elected by censitary suffrage
states in the southern half of the country maintained slavery.
THE CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
separation of powers
head of state is the president
United States is a federal republic
Suffrage
Popular sovereignty
recognition of basic rights
key points of Constitution of the United States of America still in force today.
For first time, political liberal principles as well as ideas of thinkers were incorporated into a country’s fundamental law.
delegates from new states met again in Philadelphia and drafted a Constitution in 1787
AMERICAN EXPANSION UNTIL 1810
