Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Hyperbilirubinemia in a 12 year old child - Coggle Diagram
Hyperbilirubinemia in a 12 year old child
Pathophysiology
Hyperbilirubinemia is the elevation of total serum bilirubin.
Unconjugated bilirubin is a waste product of hemoglobin breakdown that is taken up by the liver, where it is converted into conjugated bilirubin. Conjugated bilirubin is water-soluble and excreted into the bile to be cleared from the body. Therefore, Hyperbilirubinemia is caused by factors that either increase the metabolic load for the liver or the inability to excrete bilirubin by the liver.
Nursing Actions
Administer medications and monitor their effects
administer IV fluids as prescribed
Vital signs every 4 hours
Monitor inputs and outputs
Assess stools and urine
Monitor itcheness
Monitor labs especially bilirubin
Assessments
Physical findings
Jaundice
Itcheness
Vomiting
Vital signs
B/P 110/50
O2 Sat 95
Tempeture 20
Heart rate 98
Histroy
Family hereditary
Treatments
Blood transfusion
Benydryl
Phototherapy
IV fluids
Cause
Gilbert Syndrome
Gilbert syndrome is a common, harmless liver condition in which the liver doesn't properly process bilirubin. Bilirubin is produced by the breakdown of red blood cells. Gilbert syndrome is an inherited genetic condition.
Hemolytic Anemia
Hemolytic anemia is a disorder in which red blood cells are destroyed faster than they can be made. During the breakdown of red blood cells bilirubin is released into the bloodstream. Therefore, when red blood cells are being destroyed faster, the bilirubin levels accumulates in the bloodstream.
Sings and Symptoms
Jaundice
yellow-orange tint noted in skin and sclera
Vomiting
Itcheness
due to high bilirubin in the skin
Dark urine
Weigh loss
Fatigue
Laboratory Values
Total serum bilirubin levels, both direct and indirect, indicate the following findings:
2 to 3 mg/dL (jaundice visible on the sclera).
4 to 5 mg/dL (jaundice visible in the face).
15 mg/dL (jaundice visible at umbilicus).
20 mg/dL (jaundice visible in the feet).
A glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase test is indicated if the child has a family history or possible genetic link.
Normal Values of bilirubin: 0.3 - 1.0 mg/dL