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Muscular System Gisselle De Jesus Per.1 - Coggle Diagram
Muscular System Gisselle De Jesus Per.1
3 types of muscles and their functions
smooth
elongated with tapered ends, lack striations, conatin thick and thin filaments.
cardiac
found in the heart, branching, striated cells, involuntary, contains intercalated discs
skeletal
600 skeletal muscles,single, long, cylindrical muscle cell
Sarcomere
join end to end, extends Z line to the next, made up of I bands, A bands, H zone, and, M line
sliding filament theory of muscle contraction
Cross bridge forms
Myosin head slides
Calcium ions
skeletal muscle contraction
cross bridge breaks
troponin
Muscle coverings
The perimysium extends inward from the epimysium: it surrounds bundles of skeletal fibers, called fascicles, within each muscle
Each muscle cell is covered by a connective tissue layer called endomysium
Fascia blends with the epimysium, the layer of connective tissue
around each skeletal muscle
Disorders associated with the Muscular system
Myasthenia Gravis
Cerebral Palsy
Fibromyalgia
Myositis
Muscular Dystrophy
Names of all the skeletal muscles
Deltoid: named for shape; shaped like a triangle
Pectoralis major: named for size and location; large size, located in
chest
Extensor digitorum: named for action; extends digits
Biceps brachii: named for number of attachments and location; has 2
origins/heads, and is found in the arm
External oblique: named for location and direction of fibers; located
near outside of body, and fibers run at a slant
Sternocleidomastoid: named for attachments; attaches to sternum,
clavicle, and mastoid process
Action potential in a muscle fiber
Acetylcholine is released into the synaptic cleft in response to an impulse
in the motor neuron; it then stimulates the muscle fiber
Upon receipt of the muscle impulse, the sarcoplasmic reticulum releases
its stored calcium to the cytosol of the muscle fiber
Major Functions of the muscular system
Generate force to cause all types of movement
Neuromuscular junction
a synapse between a motor neuron and a muscle fiber that it regulates
contains: muscle fiber nucleus, motor end plate, motor neuron axon, mitochondria, myofibril of muscle fiber, folded sarcolemma, acetylcholine, synaptic vesicles, synaptic cleft