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Jonathan Hernandez Per.3 Muscular System - Coggle Diagram
Jonathan Hernandez Per.3 Muscular System
Major functions of the muscular system
Structure
Movements
3 types of muscles & their functions
Smooth
- involuntary movements of internal organ
cardiac-
contraction for heart beats.
Skeletal-
voluntary movements of skeletal parts
Names of all the skeletal muscles (including the facial muscles)
temporlis
epicranius Frontal
orbiclaris oculi
Zygomaticus
Masseter
sternonyoid
trapezius
Deltoid
pectoralis major
biceps brachii
brachii
pronater
rectus abdominus
Rectus lateralis
vastus medialis
sarcomere
A
sarcomere
extends from one z line to the next
Stration consist of an alternating pattern of light and dark bands
Sarcomere is a cell that has contraction
Neuromuscular junction
A synapse between a motor neuron and a muscle fiber that it regulates
When an electrical impulse reaches the end of the axon of a motor neuron, synaptic vesicles release neurotransmitter into the synaptic cleft, the gap between the membranes of the neuron and muscle fiber
Sliding filament theory of muscle contraction
Sliding filament theory is just a contraction of striated muscles, actin and myosin flaments to be precise and makes more muscles
Action potential in a muscle fiber
Each muscle fiber is a single,long, cylindrical
Thick filaments in myofibrils consist of the protein myosin
Thin filaments in myofibrills are mainly composed of the protein actin, but also contain troponin and tropomyosin.
Muscle coverings (connective tissue coverings)
Fascia
blends with the
epimysium
, the layer of the connective tissue around each skeletal muscle.
The
perimysium
extends inward from the epimysium; it surrounds budles of skeletal muscle fibers, called
fascicles
, within each muscle.
Each muscle cell(fiber) is covered by a connective layer called
endomsium
Disorders/disease associated with the Muscular system
Muscular Dystrophy- Genetic disease that damages the muscle
Fibromyalgia- Muscle pain
cerebral palsy- Spastic paralysis causing muscle weakness
myositis- inflamation of the skeletal muscles caused by infection
Myasthenia Gravis- Amyoimmune disease that causes muscle movement.