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Muscular- Giselle Zepeda p.2 - Coggle Diagram
Muscular- Giselle Zepeda p.2
Sarcomere
each sarcomere is made up of 2 main protein filaments
Myosin: produces thick filaments
Actin: produces thin filaments
Sliding filament theory of muscle contraction:
muscle fiber contracts when myosin filaments pull actin filaments closer together
5 steps of the filament theory:
4.skeletal muscles contract
myosin head slides
cross bridges form
cross bridge breaks & then troponin comes after
calcium ions are released into the actin filament
Muscle Coverings:
Perimysium: middle layer & surrounds muscle fiber bundles
Endomysium: innermost layer that surrounds individual muscle fibers
Epimysium: outermost layer surrounding entire muscle
Major functions of the muscular system:
maintain body position
Stabilize Joints
maintain posture
Generate Heat
Produce movement
3 types of muscles & their functions:
Cardiac: focuses on the heart and pumping action
Smooth: maintains blood pressure and flow
Skeletal: allows movement
Neuromuscular junction
where nerve and muscle fibers meet
many toxins & diseases interfere w events @ the neuromuscular junction
Action potential:
when there is a shift from negative to positive within the neuron's membrane caused by ions floating in and out of the neuron
Disorders:
Myasthenia Gravis: Neuromuscular disorder that blocks neurotransmitters
Cerebral Palsy: Spastic paralysis causing muscle weakness
Fibrimyalgia: Muscle pain
Myositis: Inflammation of the skeletal muscles caused by an infection
Muscular Dystrophy: Muscle weakness and atrophy
skeletal muscles: have 4 steps to contract
Excitation-contraction coupling
Cross bridge cycling
Muscle fiber excitation
Events at the neuromuscular junction