ecosystems

key terms

abiotic - non living parts of the ecosystem

biotic - living parts of the ecosystem

fauna - animals in an ecosystem

flora - plants in an ecosystem

interdependence - everything needs anther part of the ecosystem to survive

biome - large scale ecosystems that are spread across the country with unique plans and animals

different ecosystem

tropical rainforests - between tropics of Cancer and Capricorn

temperate forests - 40 - 60 degrees north south of the equator

tropical grasslands - 5 - 30 degrees north south of the equator

temperate grasslands - 40 - 60 degrees north south of the equator

hot deserts - 5 -30 degrees north south of the equator

coral reefs - 30 degrees north south of the equator

polar regions - Arctic - N - Antarctica - S

polar regions

climate - long cold winters - short cool summers - less than 250mm of rainfall per year

fauna - treeless - some evergreen shrub - mosses and grass

flora - polar bears - wolves - foxes - reindeer - all have thick fur

people of the uk

autumn statment 2022 - higher taxes

in 2 years people may be up to 7-8% poorer

salford quays - case study

containeristations and the manchester shipping canal where the main reasons why salford quays went into deindustrilisation. the manchester shipping canal was the only way to get transport ships to the docks from the ports.; when containerisation happened and the ships doubled in size they couldnt fit down the canal resulting in manchester getting no trade and the entire industrial city declining (1980)

around 3000 people lost there jobs

family breakdown

alchoholism and crime - social problems

increased poverty in the areas

polluted land

regeneration happened through the goverment investment

bbc media city - creates jobs in the media

private apartments

aging population

pymrid shape - young population

aging population is smaller at the bottom and wider at the top

better healthcare (nhs)

cancer treatments

hip replacement

better life choices - active lifesyles

people having fewer children

families have to support elderly relatives - lot of money to pay for care homes

pension costs - allocate more money to the elderly

responses - spend more money on the nhs - spend money on care homes (social care) - raised the pension age to 67 - saves the govermant money

migration

2004 - 2010 - EU expansion

by 2015 the net migration was around 300,000 people a year

refugee numbers from Afghanistan, Syria, Ukrainians, Albanians (legal or illegal)

why people migrate to the uk

services (NHS) - education - legal protection - much higher wages on average than other countries - political safety - links to better quality of life and better standards of living

effects

economic - more people working = higher taxes more money for the government to use

remitnses - money sent back to the orgin countries

social tensions between communities

spread of culture + religions

leeds

housing / studentification

waste

south banks

transport

2014 summer set floods

effects

response

cause

studentification causes local residents to not be able to rent or buy a house as landlords by houses to rent to students which inflates house prices

culture centre at the old tetley brewery for contemprey art

new vocational campus for leeds city collage

a new 3.5 hecatare park and open space along along the waterfront

over 300,000sq /m of new land for development

creation of holbeck urban village a digital technology and lliving space

new pedestrian and cycle bridges

Leeds dock will have entertainment - restaurants - retail developments

this is not a problem across the whole of Leeds and mostly causes issues in the city center/inner city such as Hyde park

studentification causes gridlock as students leave and return to university which leaves houses vacant whilst away

students can also cause social tension between local residents in areas dominates by students ie. parties

even with these issues the student population add huge amounts of money to leeds economy

building on floodpalins

low lying flat landscape

12 big stormes between 2013 - jan 2014 - due to the jet streams - heavy rain which saturates the soil

not dredging the river parrat +tone - if this was done the rivers may not of flooded

combination of these factors caused the flooding