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Curricular Approaches and Basic Concepts, By: Lenin Hualpa - Coggle Diagram
Curricular Approaches and Basic Concepts
Definition of Approach
A way of looking at teaching and learning process according to the view you could have
Tyler Approach
Everyone who has to design a curriculum will have to go first to three sources
Society
Content requirements
Students
Four basic questions must be answered to develop a successful curriculum
What learning do you want students to achieve? (Objectives)
Through what learning situations can such learning be achieved? (Activities)
What resources will be used for this? (Didactic resources)
How will I assess whether students have effectively learned these objectives? (evaluation)
The educational objectives must be derived from systematic studies about students
John Dewey
The human ability to think had evolved
The learner must always be active, an actor or participant in an ever-changing world
Learning occurs as a result of taking action to solve pressing problems
The individual who is educated is a social individual, and that society is an organic union of individuals
His methodological proposal consists of 5 phases
Consideration of some actual and real experience of the child
Identification of a problem or difficulty raised from that experience
Inspection of available data, as well as search for viable solutions
Formulation of the solution hypothesis
Verification of the hypothesis by the action
New curricular models
Curriculum model is a set of technical prescriptions that indicate how a Curriculum Design should be developed and what components to include
Scientific model
How to deliver information by optimizing the teaching-learning process
The student must develop knowledge, skills and attitudes that make would make easy for the learner to solve the problems that require to be faced
Human development
The need for an alternative development model for several reasons
The human costs of the Structural Adjustment Programs became more evident
Social diseases
Existence of growing evidence against widespread belief
A wave of democratization
Montessori
The slogan of her children´s house was to free them from their spirit considering that "the child, guided by an inner teacher works tirelessly with joy to build man."
A place where the child developed with dignity, freedom and independence
The development of the child in school is better in a loving environment adapted to the child's world
Aristotle
His reflection dealt with all the main areas of philosophy
His philosophy will dominate Western thought, both philosophical and scientific, until the emergence of new systems in the Renaissance and the Modern Age
He offers one of the most complete and profound philosophical systems of ancient thought
Plato
Studying mathematics and philosophy, will make you reach the nature of absolute reality
His theory of forms or ideas
The reality of the world has an apparent nature since it has an ephemeral and changing character
The essence of sensible objects depends on the forms that are represented in them
In the society he imagined, there were guardians who ruled it, and the main ones were the philosophers-rules.
Kant
Pedagogy seeks to transform the spontaneous process of education into systematic knowledge
Education Science is physical education or practical education
The first is the time when the student must show passive submission, where a mechanical force governs an rests on exercise and discipline
The second is when the student is allowed to make use of his capacity for reflection and his freedom
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Natural processes are better he advised to "fix your eyes on nature, follow the path set by it"
Naturalistic education from the time the child was born until he became an adult
It is wrong to make a child know the world at this stage from explanations or books.
Through these practices the child would be able to develop the sense of discernment
By: Lenin Hualpa