04 FRENCH REVOLUTION
1-Difficult times for the monarchy
France
Model of absolute monarchy
Ruled under the principles of Enlightenment
1789
Combination of series of factors
REVOLUTION
Factors
Liberal ideas of Enlightenment
Example of United States
Inequality before the law
Economic crisis
Political unrest
Social inequalities
Criticism of absolutism and division of society into states
Riches states didn't pay taxes
Affected Royal treasury
Great political unrest
Demand of food during poor harvests
2 Phases of the French Revolution
-The estates general (1789)
French revolution long process (1789-1804)
Finished when Napoleonic Empire was founded
- King Louis XVI assembled
consultative Parliament = Estates General
Was assembled because Royal Treasury had problems
Proposed that rich pay taxes
One vote per state
National Assembly
Only representatives of French people
-Narional constituent assembly (1789-1791)
Social situation WORSE
Parisians rose up
Attacked BASTILLE prision
They escaped
King couldn't disolve the assembly
It included some important reforms
He drew up
Constitution of 1791
Established the division of power
King executive power
Declaration of Rights of Man and Citizen
He seem to accept the situation
But he contracted absolute monarchies to conspire against NEW REGIME
Declaration of Rights of men and citizen
Set by France's National Constituent Assembly
3 articles
1 Men equal rights
3 Principle of sovereighnty in nation
11 Free comunication of thoughts and opinions
-Legislative assembly (1791-1792)
3 new political orders
Girondins
Jacobins
PLain
Constituent Assembly was dissolved
Formation of Legislative Assembly
Prepare new laws
Deputies, didn't belong anyhere
Moderates (of monarchy)
Radical (Republic)
Majority
Minority
1792
Absolutist powers attacked France and threatened Paris
Sans-cullotte grew up
Legislative assembly suspended the executive power of king
Elections by universal manhood suffrage
-National convention (1792-1795)
Assembly assumed legislative and executive powers
Becoming National Convention
New constitution created
Battle of Valmy
Jacobins more representatives than Girondins
Impresioned Louis XVI
September 1792 Republic proclaimed
Marie Antoinette, married Louis XVI
Both died, by guillotine
Period ''TERROR''
Robespierre leader of Jacobins
Responsible of the revolution
Coup d'etat 1794
White Terror, againts Jacobins
Convention drafted new Constitution
-The directory (1795-1799)
New Constitution
Less open in rights and freedoms
New power ''Directory''
Constant threat of foreign warfare
Internal instability --> new COUP D'ETAT
-The Consulate (1799-1804)
Napoleon Bonaparte
Most prestigious french general
Coup d'etat 1799
Seized power+ new constitution
Congress and a Senate
Executive and legislative powers
He ruled an authoritarian way
