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THE FRENCH REVOLUTION: LIBERTY, EQUALITY, FRATERNITY, image, image, image,…

- - - - became popular amongst large segments of the population
    - - some French people fought on the side of the colonists in the American War of Independence
      - some delegates visited France frequently
    - - bourgeoisie and the peasantry
        
        paid taxes
      - noblemen and clerics
        
        didn't paid taxes
        
        didn't provide any economic benefit to society
    - - after Seven Years War
        
        France lost Canada and possessions of India and Africa against Great Britain
      - Royal Treasury
        
        was forced to pay the huge debts it had taken on to finance the war
    - - king and queen were openly criticised
      - more than 25,000 books of grievances were compiled in France’s towns and cities
        
        complaints and demands
    - - population had grown
      - farming production could no longer meet the demand for food during poor harvests
      - became more evident
        
        hungry and no resources
- - - - 1789-1804
        
        when the Napoleonic Empire was founded
    - - rich pay taxes
      - voting system was one vote per estate
      - wanted to be individual
      - delegates formed the National Assembly
        
        they were the only representatives of the French peopl
  - - - nobles’ homes were attacked
      - Parisians rose up
        
        attacked the Bastille prison
        
        held political prisoners of the absolute monarchy
        
        soldiers defending the prison opened the doors so they could escape
    - - could not dissolve the Assembly
      - drew up the Constitution of 1791
        
        division of powers
        
        Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen.
        
        France’s National Constituent Assembly
        
        end the Old Regime in France
        
        important
        
        Men --> born and remain free and equal in rights
        
        all sovereignty resides essentially in the nation
        
        free communication of thoughts --> rights of man
    - - contacted other absolute monarchies to conspire against the new regime
      - wanted to take advantage of the alarm in European courts
        
        what was happening in France
      - he was discovered and detained in the Tuileries Palace
  - - - Plain
        
        deputies who were in the majority and did not belong to any party.
      - Girodins
        
        supported a constitunional monarchy and limited suffrage
      - Jacobins
        
        petite bourgeoisie + radical republicans
  - - - Jacobins > Girondins
        
        didn't win a majority
        
        Convention removed and imprisoned Louis XVI
        
        Republic was proclaimed in September 1792
    - - control of the Convention
      - king was tried for treason and executed by guillotine
      - slavery end
      - measures were approved to support the lower classes
    - - Robespierre (leader of Jacobins) executed anyone considered a threat to their regime
    - - Robespierre die
        
        against Jacobins
  - - - led a coup d’état in 1799
      - drew up another constitution that same year
      - seized power
      - authoritarian way as the first consul of the Republic