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THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: THE FOUNDING OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA -…
THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: THE FOUNDING OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
THE THIRTEEN COLONIES: WAR AND INDEPENDENCE
groups of European emigrants
settled on the east coast of North America
Some had
fled political instability
religious persecution
British monarchy
organised the colonists into 13 colonies
had to pay a series of taxes to the British Crown
governor
highest authority in each colony
his power was almost exclusively military
colonists ruled themselves
colonial assemblies
THE THIRTEEN COLONIES
After Seven Years’ War (1756–1763)
British created a large permanent army in America
forced the colonists to fund it
through new taxes
colonists rebelled
‘no taxation without representation’
no representatives in the parliament in London
revolutionary process
delegates from the Thirteen Colonies
met in Philadelphia
declared independence from Great Britain and George III’s rule
colonies became known as states
new country
United States of America
British opposed to these changes
American War of Independence
supported the colonists to weaken Great Britain
France
Spain
United Provinces
After the battles of Saratoga and Yorktown
won by the colonists led by George Washington
Peace of Paris 1783
Great Britain
recognised the new country’s independence
THE POLITICAL REGIME OF THE UNITED STATES
delegates from the new states
met again in Philadelphia
Constitution
approved in 1787
political liberal principles
ideas of thinkers introduced to the law
Locke
Rousseau
Montesquieu
The key points of the Constitution of the US still in force today.
THE CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Popular sovereignty
citizens hold the power
Is a federal republic
government functions are divided
the capital
federated states
independent
separation of powers
executive consists of
the president
the legislative consists of
Congress and Senate
the judicial consists of
Supreme Court
Head of state
the president
chosen by the House of Representatives
every four years
Suffrage
in place to elect members of the House of Representatives
Recognition of basic rights
life
liberty and property
freedoms
religious, printing, assembly...
House of Representatives
elected by censitary suffrage
allowed only white adult males
about 6% of the total population
members of the Senate
two for each federated state
elected by the state parliaments
States of Vermont, Pennsylvania and Kentucky
approved universal manhood suffrage for white men
1800
southern half of the country
slavery
AMERICAN EXPANSION UNTIL 1810
United States
expansion very early
quickly doubled its number of states
colonised territory had a certain number of inhabitants
constituted as a state
became part of the Union
same rights as the rest