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Basic Principles of Statistics - Coggle Diagram
Basic Principles of Statistics
Data Collection and Presentation
Boards
Data can be collected in various ways: questionnaires, sampling,
surveys, observations, etc.
Graphical Presentation of Data – Part A
Histograms are vertical bar charts in which bars are constructed
rectangular at the limits of each class
Basic concepts
Individual
Sample
Population
Variable
Sampling
Census
Graphical Presentation of Data – Part B
In the bar chart, each category is described by a bar, whose length
represents the frequency or percentage of observations that fall into a category.
Introduction to statistics
History of Statistics
Desde los comienzos de la civilización han existido formas
sencillas de estadísticas, pues ya se utilizaban representaciones gráficas y otros símbolos en pieles, rocas, palos de madera y
paredes de cuevas para contar el número de personas, animales o ciertas cosas
Statistics Applications
Statistics is a powerful aid to many sciences and
human activities: sociology, psychology, human geography, economics, etc.
What is Statistics?
Statistics is the science that studies data sets and
its interpretation in mathematical terms, establishing methods for obtaining the measures that describe it, as well
as for the analysis of the conclusions, with special reference to the theory of probability
Statistics Divisions
Descriptive Statistics
Those methods that include the collection, presentation and characterization of a set of data in order to properly describe the various characteristics of that set.
Inductive Statistics or Statistical Inference]() Those methods that make it possible to estimate a characteristic of a population or to make a decision regarding a population based only on
in the results of a sample.
Trend Measures)
Average or Average
The mean is an average. It is calculated by adding all the data and then dividing the
total between the number of data involved
Median
It is the mean value of an ordered sequence of data. If there are no ties, half of
the observations will be less and the other half will be greater
Definition of Measures of Central Tendency
One of the salient features of data distribution is its
tendency to accumulate towards the center of it.
Fashion
In a data series, the mode is the value that is repeated the most, the one that appears with the most
frequency.
Deviation Measures
Variance and Standard Deviation
The Coefficient of Variation
Definition of Deviation Measures