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CHAPTER 5: NETWORKS (PART II) - Coggle Diagram
CHAPTER 5: NETWORKS (PART II)
A computer network is a collection of two or more computers connected to each other via cables or wireless connections
Terms
Node
= any device that is connected to a network (e.g laptop / printer / router / personal computer)
Client
= any node (normally
personal computer
) that request or uses the available resources on the network.
Server
= any node that provides or share resources to other nodes (e.g
application server
- provides software to the network nodes, and
file server
- responsible for the centralized file management and storage in the network)
Network administrator
=
a person
who is responsible to coordinate, maintain and ensure that an organization's network is running smoothly and up to date
Advantages of having a network
Sharing file
Sharing hardware (printer / scanner / fax machine)
Sharing software
Facilitating communication
Network types
Personal area network (
PAN
) - using mobile data
Local area network (
LAN
) - using cable to connect
Wireless LAN (
WLAN
) - using ethernet cable / LAN without using cable
Home area network (
HAN
)
Metropolitan area network (
MAN
) - used to link office buildings in a city
Wide area network (
WAN
) - can be size of a state / country / worldwide
Hardware requirements for a network
Network interface card (NIC) / Network adapter card
Wireless network card
Access point (AP)
- device that use WLAN
Router
Hubs
Switch
Network architecture
Network topology
= physical set-up of all nodes in a network
Bus network
- each nodes connected to a
backbone cable / bus
Ring network
- each nodes connected to the next node
forming a circle
Star network
- all nodes are connected to a
central switch / server
Mesh network
- every nodes is connected to one or two other nodes in the same network (
partial mesh
) or every node is connected to every other node (
full mesh
) and normally in a
wireless LAN
Hybrid network
- two or more different network topologies are
combined
Network strategy
= how resources are coordinated and shared in a network
Client / Server
- one or more nodes (clients) are connected to a
central computer called a server
Peer-to-Peer (P2P)
- all nodes have
equal authority
/ the same node can act as a client or as a server at different times
Organizational network
Intranet
= private network owned by a large company
Extranet
= private network for business partners and vendors
Network security
= any procedure taken to protect a network
Firewall
Instrusion detection system (IDS)
Virtual private network (VPN)