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What does it mean to have an Intellectual Disability?, Who?, What?,…
What does it mean to have an Intellectual Disability?
Types of ID
Mild Intellectual Disability
Largest segment of ID (85%)
Often no identifiable cause
Severe Intellectual Disability
3-4% of those with ID
Moderate Intellectual Disability
10% of those with ID
Profound Intellectual Disability
1-2% of those with ID
History of Intellectual Disability
Major shift in attitudes since the 1970s
Alternative Terminology
Integration
Inclusion
Causes of ID
Down Syndrome
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS)
Environmental or Psychosocial Disadvantage
Fragile X Syndrome
Hydrocephalus
Phenylketonuria
Prader-Willi Syndrome
Tay-Sachs
Effects
Ability to Learn
Problem Solving
Higher Order Thinking
Ability to Adapt to Change
Ability to Pay Attention
Supports for ID
Teaching
Supervising
Giving Feedback
Supporting Inclusive Classrooms
Befriending
Advocating
Communication
Carpooling
Financial Planning
Budget
Income Assistance
Assisting with money management
Employment Assistance
Crisis Intervention
Procuring/using assistive technology devices
Job performance enhancement
Behavioural Support
Multicomponent instruction
Functional analysis
Teaching adaptive behavior
In-Home Living Assitance
Respite Care
Personal maintenance/care
Eating and food management
Community Access and Use
Recreation/Leisure involvment
Community Awareness Opportunities
Personal Protection Skills
Health Assistance
Mobility (assistive devices)
Med Alert devices
Physical Therapy
Where?
Residential Programs
Special Schools
Goals for Education
Independence and Self-Sufficiency
Life Skills Competence
Productive Employment
Opportunity to Participate
General Education Program
Diagnosis
American Association on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities
Intellectual Functioning
Lower IQ Score
Adaptive Behaviour
Functioning in Everyday Life
Develpomental Period
Period from Conception to age 18
Issues develop throughout these years for diagnosis
Characteristics Effected
Memory
Metacognition
Attention Span
Cognitive Development
Language Development
Academic Development
Social-Behavorial Interactions
Motivational Considerations
Generalization Learning
Supports In Education
Personal Supports
Self Regulation
Academic Skills
Natural Supports
Parents
Friends
Support Services
Specialized Instruction
Technical Supports
Assistive Technology
Who
?
What?
Assessment
How to Help?
Education Spaces