Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Pavement materials - Coggle Diagram
Pavement materials
BITUMEN/ ASPHALT
Penetration Grading Test
- Penetration Test : can only charaterize asphalt binder at one temperature 25 degree Celsuis
- Softening Point : Softening point (SP) + Penetration value (P) are used to determine Penetration Index(PI)
PI= (195.4-500 log P - 20 SP) / ( 50 log P - SP - 120.14)
- Ductility Test : to determine the ductility of a bitumen. This test could predict the potential cracks of bitumen
- Flash and Fire Point Test : to determine at what temperature the bitumen start to flash and catch fire. The Cleveland open cup method is normally used.
- Thin Film Oven Test : to evaluate short term aging of bitumen during mixing at the plant
- Viscosity : To detrmine the resistance to flow of a bitumen
- Loss on Heating : to determine the loss of weight due to heat.
- Specific Gravity : Defined as the ration of the mass of the material at given temperature to the mass of an equal volume of water at the same temperature. Pycnometer method is use to determine the specific gravity of bitumen
- Solubility : to determine the purity of bitumen
- Penetration grade bitumen : residual or straight-run
- Cutback Bitumen :blended with solvent
- Bitumen emulsion : mixed with water and emulsifying agent
- Performance grade bitumen
- Modified bitumen
-
AGGREGATES
Test
- Coating & Stripping : stripping susceptibility
(coated surface area whether more/ less than 95%)
- Aggregate Crushing Value ( ACV) : resistance to crushing under gradually applied compressive load
ACV = (weight pass sieve 2.36mm/ weight original) x 100%
- Sieve Analysis : seperation of aggregate according to specific sizes
- Los Angeles Abrasion Value (LAAV) : degradation under combination of abrasion/ attrition, impact and grinding
LAAV = (weight pass sieve 1.70mm/ weight original) x 100%
- Soundness : resistance to disintegration due to cycle of wetting and drying, heating and cooling (weathering)
Soundness = (weight pass sieve / weight original) x 100%
- Flakiness Index : shape test
FI = (weight pass slot/ weight original) x 100%
- Specific Gravity & Water Absorption : relative density, pores, and absorption
- Polished Stone Value (PSV) : test on the aggregate for wearing course, resistance to polishing of a pneumatic tyre.
- Sand Equivalent of Aggregate Fraction : relative proportion of dust or clay in aggregate fraction passing 4.75mm sieve.
- Fine Aggregate Angularity : shape test
- Methylene Blue value : relative proportion of dust or clay in aggregate fraction passing 0.075mm sieve.
- Coarse : crushed aggregate (>4.75mm)
- Fine : fine crushed aggregate, sand (river, mining) (4.75mm-75 micron)
- Filler : fine materials such as cement, lime, crushed aggregate dust ( <75micron)
FILLER
fill small voids, durable mixture, increase viscosity of binder, reduces binder run-off