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Chapter 3.6 - Biological Hazards - Coggle Diagram
Chapter 3.6 - Biological Hazards
Definition
Refer to biological substances that pose a threat to the health of living organisms, primarily that of humans
This can include medical waste or samples of a microorganism, virus or toxin (from a biological source) that can affect human health
Also known as biohazards
Source of Hazards
animal products
meat, offal, skins, bones, blood, milk and eggs
human bodily matter
blood, tissues, vomit, urine, faeces, saliva and breast milk
biohazard waste, sewerage and rubbish
live animals
mammals, birds, fish, invertebrates and their urine or faeces
laboratory cultures
Classification by type of agent
Plant and plant products
e.g. anaphylaxis, mushroom workers’ lung, and bagassosis in the sugar cane industry), and irritant-contact or allergic-contact dermatitis.
Fungi may be responsible for a variety of diseases such as ringworm or tinea, which may affect, for example, athletes, military personnel in barracks, and staff of gymnasiums,
Contact with certain plants, plant materials or fungi may cause non-infectious poisoning, stinging, allergic reactions
Fungi such as moulds and yeasts can cause allergies that result in hypersensitivity or asthma among
farm workers and food process workers
Animals and animal products
e.g. leptospirosis, brucellosis and anthrax
outdoor workers, are potentially at risk of envenomation
by venomous terrestrial animals and aquatic animals
Zoonoses are infectious diseases that can be vector-borne or transmitted directly from wild or
domestic animals
Infectious agents
e.g. viruses, rickettsia, bacteria, fungi, protozoa, and helminths
can be classified according to size, properties,
and morphological characteristics
Levels of Biohazard
BSL-3
Individual Risk: HIGH
Community Risk: MODERATE
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
BSL-4
Individual Risk: HIGH
Community Risk: HIGH
Ebola virus
BSL-2
Individual Risk: MODERATE
Community Risk: LOW
Staphylococcus
BSL-1
Individual Risk: LOW
Community Risk: LOW
Escherichia coli, K12 based strains
Disease due biological hazards
Histoplasmosis
Rabies
Hepatitis A
Tuberculosis
Influenza
