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POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC LIBERALISM, image, image, image, image, image,…
POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC LIBERALISM
CRITICISM OF THE OLD REGIME
radical criticisms
liberalism
Montesquieu
Voltaire
Rosseau
opposition to Old Regime
describe feudal system
characterised
political absolutism
estate system
primary sector
Critised by liberals
legal inequality of the estate system
social groups
nobles and clerics
commoners
survival of feudal economy
liberals criticised obstacles
power
absolute monarchs
Church
survival of manorialism
fiefdoms
work for lords
pay taxes
follow their laws
church
Serfs
required to serve a lord
inhabitants of a fiefdom
Subjects
obedience
king
inhabitants of a kingdom
IDEAS OF POLITICAL LIBERALISM
Equality of people before the law
abolition of all privileges
Everyone
same laws
Individual rights
humans
life
liberty
property
freedoms regarding issues
Division of powers
Montesquieu
individual rights
moderate power
power division
executive
judicial
legislative
Sovereignty resides in the nation
Rousseau
Parliament representatives
govern
elected
voting
IDEAS OF ECONOMIC LIBERALISM
Enlightened ideas
influenced economy
individual property
greater freedom to trade
1723–1790
Adam Smith
economic liberalism
freedom of individual
Restrictions imposed
public power
economic relationships
State
not intervene
law of supply and demand
determinate
what to produce
how much
what price
