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1.7 digital design and manufacturing - Coggle Diagram
1.7 digital design and manufacturing
CAM and CAD
Advantages
You can draw to scale, presentations and printouts are automatically scaled.
Drawings are easily edited and changed.
Collaborative design
CAD drawings are very accurate
CAD drawings can be easily stored and copied.
Standard parts save time
CAD drawings are easy to send by email anywhere in the world.
Quick prototyping with affordable CAM
Testing Manufacturing - Time, tool paths, simulations economy of materials, technical inaccuracies. Potential failures in manufacturing.
Saves materials - Nesting Software - Tessellation principle. Efficiency.
Disadvantages
Set up costs - Drawing paper and drawing equipment versus Computer, software training and output like printer etc,
Every new release of the CAD software, operator has to update their skills
Improper use of blocks and layers make updating and modification of the drawings a cumbersome task for another person.
Sending it to another designer/ engineer who doesn’t have the same software.
It’s hard to learn and different software changes mean different layout and tools to use.
You don’t get the physical feel of the material you are using.
Security - Corruption and data loss.
CAD includes the use of computers to produce either 2D working drawings or 3D full colour virtual models.
Original art work can be scanned and copied into CAD software, so that the drawing can be digitally developed. Editing tools such as copy, mirror’ 'rotate", 'scale' and 'array allow designers to change drawings quickly.
Router
routers are normally used to cut sheet materials that are too thick for laser cutting, such as 9 mm MDF or thicker materials such as blocks of timber and Styrofoam, or high density modelling foam to make moulds or 3D models.
Milling
Milling machines work in a similar way to routers, and can be fitted with tools to drill holes, cut slots or shape the surface and edges of a range of materials
Milling machines can move the 'bed' of the machine in the X and Y axis, but the cutter can also be moved in the Z axis to vary the depth of cutting
laser cutter
leaving a clean edge. Two-dimensional CAD drawings are downloaded to laser cutters, which convert the drawing into a computer numerically controlled (CNC) program.
Laser cutting uses a high-energy laser beam to cut or vaporise materials
This program controls the movement of the laser in the X and Y axis, and the power and speed can be adjusted to cut or engrave different materials.
Plotter
2D CAD drawings into a CNC programme using x and Y coordinates with either a pen or a knife to draw or cut the design out onto paper, boards or vinyl to make stickers.
The cutter moves from side to side [x axis] and the material moves forwards and backwards [y axis] using rollers.
Computational fluid dynamics
Computational fluid dynamics is a branch of fluid mechanics that uses numerical analysis and data structures to analyze and solve problems that involve fluid flows.
it is used to simulate the flow of fluids or gases in or around a product. For example, a vehicle design can be tested in a simulated wind tunnel to evaluate the drag