Overview of Curriculum, Approaches, and Methods, and Theoretical Approaches to Curriculum

Goal

Correct understanding language

1950: New types of language programs

  • Immigration, globalization, internet era

CAUSES

The Emergence of Methods

The Influence of Latin

Gramar learning = Mental Gymnastic

Bilingualism or multilingualism is the norm

Seidenstücker & Plötz's textbooks

Mechanical Translation

The Grammar-Translation Method

Analysis of grammar rules

Reading and writing

Memorization of vocabulary

Translating lessons

Accuracy

Student´s native language used for instrucctions

Dominated Europa 1840 - 1940

Often tedious, rigorous method

Innovations in the nineteenth century

Demand for oral proficiency

C. Marcel (1973-1896)

Develop reading and other skills

IMPORTANCE TO:

Prendergast (1806-1896)

Observation child's context

Gouin (1831-1896)

Observation children´s use of language

A sequence of related actions

Popular at the schools

The Reform Movement

New approaches to language teaching

Linguistics was revitalized

Speech rather than written word

  • Phonetic training
  • Inductive approach of grmmar
  • Associations with native language

Developing naturalistic principles

The Direct Method

Observation of child language learning

Gouin first reformers

F Franke, psychological principles

Spontaneous use of foreing language

Replace of textbooks

Systematic attention and pronunciation

Berlitz Method: Commercial language schools

Pronunciation and grammar are emphasized

Oral communication skills

Conversations skills

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The Methods Era

Teaching Procedures

Ways of teaching

Audiolingual Method

Situational method

Communicative approach

Natural Approach

Cooperative language Learning

CLIL

Since 1950

More recently

Approach and Method

Assumptions and beliefs about language

Cognitive Model

  • Language reflects properties of mind
  • Learning as abstract knowledge acquisition

Structural Model

System structurally for coding of meaning

Functional Model

Communicative competence

Genre Model

Refers ton an area of human activitie

Science, business, medicine, literature

Lexical Model

Prioritizies lexical chunks

Theory of Learning

Interactional Theory

Learning is an interactional process

Constructivism

Student centered

Learner involved in their own process

Jean Piaget, Dewey & Vygotsky

Sociocultural Learning Theory

Interaction between people = knowledge

Scaffolds

Relationship Between Language Theory and Learning Theory

Produced Audiolingualism

Cognitive-Code Proponents

Design

Objetives

The Syllabus

List of grammatical items and constructions

Types of Learning and teaching activities

Teacher = Facilitator

Instructional Materials = Improve examples of a task

Procedure

Actual moment, techniques, practices and behaviors

Enconpasses

The way of a method

Factors Responsible for the Rise and Fall of Method

Paradigm Shifts

Changes in the theories

Support Networks

Promoting a new teaching approach

Practicality

Method more simple to understand

Teacher's language proefiency

Assumes a native speaker level of the teacher

Used as the basis for published materials and test

Compatibility with local traditions

Opportunitie to close interpersonal relations

Characterized by: Frequent change, Teaching ideoligies, Innovation