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Exam 4 - Coggle Diagram
Exam 4
Exam 4
The megasporangium became fleshy and filled with nutrients. In seed plants, the megasporangium tissue is known as nucellus
Megaspore mother cells in each sporangium were reduced to only ONE, instead of many.
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The megagametophyte remains and develops entirely within the megaspore, and never becomes free-living.
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Sporophyte tissues enclosed the MEGASPORANGIUM, forming integuments around it that will eventually become a protective seed coat. The integuments have only one opening, the micropyle, via which the male can reach the megasporangium.
The micropylar apex of the megasporangium is chemically and morphologically modified to better receive microspores/pollen grains.
megaspore were retained inside the megasporangium, instead of being released.
Progymnosperms
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like seed plants they
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had a bifacial (i.e., growing xylem in one direction and phloem in the other) vascular cambium
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a few species were heterosporous These plants formed large trees (some 17 meters tall!), and were found in dense forests. Some have called them the "first modern trees". They likely share a common ancestor with all modern seed plants.
During the evolution of the seed, the diploid ___ in each sporangium were reduced to only one, instead of many.
Megasporocyte(s
During the evolution of the seed, the sporophyte embryo remains and develops within the ___.
During the evolution of the seed, sporophyte tissues enclosed the ___, forming integuments around it that will eventually become a protective seed coat.
Megagametophyte(s)
During the evolution of the seed, the megasporocyte undergoes meiosis resulting in 4 daughter cells , 3 of which degenerate, leaving one one megaspore behind to develop further
A major innovation during the evolution of the seed was the of the megaspore within the
retention, megasporangium
During the evolution of the seed, the ___became fleshy and filled with nutrients. Megasporangi(a/um)
In seed plants, the ___ tissue is known as nucellus. Megasporangi(a/um)
During the evolution of the seed, only one of the four ___ produced via meiosis is retained. Megaspore(s)
A flower in which the perianth and stamens arise from the top of the ovary are referred to as epigynous
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During the evolution of the seed, the megagametophyte became completely parastic on the sporophyte
Flowers
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Basic structure
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Carpels
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Carpels, collectively, are the gynoecium.
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After fertilization of the egg, ovules mature into seeds.
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Structure modifications
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Imperfect flowers
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Dioecious = male flowers on plant, female flowers on different plant
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Fruits
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Accessory fruits
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Can be simple, aggregate or multiple
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Seeds
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Ovule diversity
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Angiosperm ovule
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Megagametophyte = egg sac #
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Gymnosperm vs Angiosperm
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1 integument, 2 integuments
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