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Session 16 - Coggle Diagram
Session 16
Economy in the Industrial Revolution
First industrial revolution: UK 1750 - 1830
The period in the 18th to 19th century European and the US machines began to be used to work and industry grew rapidly.
From hand made to machinery.
1st Industrial Rev.
Textile industry: cottage industry, combination of low tech. They gave poor people the materials and spinning, weaving and garment machines to make cloth in their own homes.
They aren't artisans because they don't sell it for, and don't come from families that did it. And part of a system. Materiality, not art.
Factors of the creation of big factories:
Economic protection: no goods to be imported from India (or other colonies) into the UK.
Kinship of industry technology and science: Huge investments were made in order to make processes more efficient. New version of machines. Machines became more complicated and more people operated them.
Industrial facilities:
Bigger machines, larger factories but also people started living near factories, living in the place you work makes a specific lifestyle.
New Lanark, factory
world heritage
birth of urban planning
2,500 people lived in
Built in 2 years, fast
Owen took control of New Lanark. Institute for formation of character, gave education and built a school of children.
People had the right to education and recreation and those buildings were used for this purpose. Kids had full time education. Axes to health program and nursery.
Discovered that people that are happy are more efficient.
Fun fact: Now we have all these services given by the government, the system understood that happy people work better
The energy was produced by the river, the factory worked 24/7.
Owen built a factory, he designed an economy where people could spend their wages into his pocket again.
Mechanisation
the introduction of machines or automatic devices into a process, activity, or place.
Impacts of mechanization
Machines to do the work of hand tools
The use of steam and later of other kinds of power
The adoption of the factory system
Wider distribution of wealth
The decline of land as a source of wealth in the face of rising industrial production
Increase in international trade
Energy
Coal instead of wood
Social changes during the Industrial Revolution
Urban areas grew rapidly as rural populations flocked to the cities for work.
Growth of cities and the development of working-class movements.
Women’s access to work
Infant labour
For millions of laborers, industrialisation often meant substandard wages and working conditions
Workers periodically went on strike to force owners to meet their demands for better conditions.
Rise of the Urban Poor