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03 THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: THE FOUNDING OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,…
03 THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION: THE FOUNDING OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
THE THIRTEEN COLONIES: WAR AND INDEPENDENCE
European emigrants, mainly from England, had settled on the east coast of North America
British monarchy organised the colonists into 13 colonies
had to pay a series of taxes to the British Crown
colonists ruled themselves through the colonial assemblies
After the Seven Years’ War the British created a large permanent army in America
They forced the colonists to fund it through new taxes, but the colonists rebelled
slogan was ‘no taxation without representation’
revolutionary process began
delegates from the Thirteen Colonies met and declared independence from Great Britain
colonies became known as states, and the new country was called the United States of America
After the battles of Saratoga and Yorktown, which were won by the colonists led by George Washington, the Peace of Paris was signed in 1783
Great Britain formally recognised the new country’s independence
THE POLITICAL REGIME OF THE UNITED STATES
delegates from the new states met again in Philadelphia and drafted a Constitution
political liberal principles as well as ideas of thinkers were incorporated into a country’s fundamental law
Constitution of USA
separation of powers
head of state is president
United States is a federal republic
Suffrage elect members of the House of Representatives
Popular sovereignty
recognition of basic rights and freedoms
Members of the House of Representatives were elected by censitary suffrage
allowed only white adult males who owned a certain number of properties to participate in the elections
Vermont, Pennsylvania and Kentucky approved universal manhood suffrage for white men before 1800
states in the southern half of the country maintained slavery
